B: Physics = Changes in Motion 1.7 Determining Stopping Distance

Question 1

What is reaction distance?

Answer 1

The distance a vehicle travels while the driver is reacting

Reaction distance is influenced by the driver’s reaction time.

Question 2

What factors contribute to reaction time?

Answer 2

The time required to recognize the need to stop and the time to move the foot from the gas pedal to the brake pedal

Reaction time varies from driver to driver, affecting overall stopping distances.

Question 3

How does reaction time affect stopping distances?

Answer 3

Since reaction time varies among drivers, so does the reaction distance

A longer reaction time leads to a greater stopping distance.

Question 4

In the reaction time activity, what was the initial velocity of the metre-stick?

Answer 4

Zero

The metre-stick was dropped from rest and accelerated by gravity.

Question 5

If the metre-stick fell 22.5 cm, what is being calculated?

Answer 5

The length of time it fell

This relates to the concept of free fall and the effects of gravity.

Question 6

What is braking distance?

Answer 6

The distance a vehicle travels from the moment the brakes are first applied to the time the vehicle stops

Braking distance is influenced by various factors including road conditions, tire condition, and brake condition.

Question 7

What factors influence braking distance?

Answer 7

• Road conditions
• Condition of the vehicle’s tires
• Condition of the vehicle’s brakes

These factors affect the time needed for a vehicle to stop.

Question 8

True or False: Braking distance is the same for all vehicles regardless of conditions.

Answer 8

False

Braking distance varies for different vehicles under different weather conditions.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: Braking distance varies due to differences in _______.

Answer 9

[deceleration]

Deceleration can vary based on the vehicle type and environmental conditions.

Question 10

What happens when a driver starts to press the brake pedal?

Answer 10

The vehicle begins to slow down

Stopping takes time, and various factors influence this time.

Question 11

What concepts are used in the design of acceleration and deceleration lanes?

Answer 11

Acceleration, velocity, and displacement

These concepts help in understanding how vehicles move and stop, ensuring safety in lane design.

Question 12

What do traffic safety engineers calculate regarding traffic lights at intersections?

Answer 12

The optimum length of time that the light should stay yellow

This calculation is crucial for minimizing accidents and managing traffic flow.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Traffic safety engineers use _______ when designing traffic systems.

Answer 13

acceleration, velocity, and displacement

Question 14

True or False: The length of time a yellow light stays on is unrelated to vehicle acceleration.

Answer 14

False

The timing of yellow lights is directly related to vehicle acceleration and deceleration.

Question 15

What are the two components that make up the stopping distance of a vehicle?

Answer 15

The stopping distance is the sum of the reaction distance and the braking distance.

• Reaction distance: The distance a vehicle travels while the driver is reacting.
• Braking distance: The distance a vehicle travels from the moment the brakes are first applied until the vehicle stops.

Question 16

What is the area of no return in the context of driving?

Answer 16

The area of no return is the space a driver should recognize when approaching an intersection, where accidents are more likely to occur.

• It is critical for drivers to understand this area to avoid dangerous situations.

Question 17

How can the minimum length of time for a traffic light to remain yellow be estimated?

Answer 17

It can be estimated as approximately equal to the length of time for a vehicle to travel through the area of no return with uniform motion.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: Stopping distance is the sum of the _______ distance and the _______ distance.

Answer 18

reaction, braking

Question 19

True or False: The reaction distance is the distance a vehicle travels after the brakes are applied.

Answer 19

False

The reaction distance is the distance traveled while the driver is reacting, not after the brakes are applied.

Question 20

What is the significance of the stopping distance in driving safety?

Answer 20

It helps determine how far a vehicle will travel before coming to a complete stop, which is crucial for preventing accidents.

Question 21

List the two distances that comprise the stopping distance.

Answer 21

• Reaction distance
• Braking distance

Question 22

What are the two components that make up the stopping distance of a vehicle?

Answer 22

The stopping distance is the sum of the reaction distance and the braking distance.

• Reaction distance: The distance a vehicle travels while the driver is reacting.
• Braking distance: The distance a vehicle travels from the moment the brakes are first applied until the vehicle stops.

Question 23

What is the area of no return in the context of driving?

Answer 23

The area of no return is the space a driver should recognize when approaching an intersection, where accidents are more likely to occur.

• It is critical for drivers to understand this area to avoid dangerous situations.

Question 24

How can the minimum length of time for a traffic light to remain yellow be estimated?

Answer 24

It can be estimated as approximately equal to the length of time for a vehicle to travel through the area of no return with uniform motion.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Stopping distance is the sum of the _______ distance and the _______ distance.

Answer 25

reaction, braking

Question 26

True or False: The reaction distance is the distance a vehicle travels after the brakes are applied.

Answer 26

False

The reaction distance is the distance traveled while the driver is reacting, not after the brakes are applied.

Question 27

What is the significance of the stopping distance in driving safety?

Answer 27

It helps determine how far a vehicle will travel before coming to a complete stop, which is crucial for preventing accidents.

Question 28

List the two distances that comprise the stopping distance.

Answer 28

• Reaction distance
• Braking distance

Question 29

A vehicle is travelling 105 km/h on a highway when the driver sees a moose in the middle of the lane.

What is the speed of the vehicle traveling on the highway?

Answer 29

105 km/h

Question 30

A vehicle is travelling 105 km/h on a highway when the driver sees a moose in the middle of the lane. Assume the driverˋs reaction time is 1.50 s.

What is the driver’s reaction time assumed in the scenario?

Answer 30

1.50 s

Question 31

A vehicle is travelling 105 km/h on a highway when the driver sees a moose in the middle of the lane. Assume the driverˋs reaction time is 1.50 s. Assume a deceleration of 5.85 m / s2.

What is the deceleration assumed for determining the braking distance?

Answer 31

5.85 m/s²

Question 32

A vehicle is travelling 105 km/h on a highway when the driver sees a moose in the middle of the lane. Assume the driverˋs reaction time is 1.50 s. Assume a deceleration of 5.85 m / s2.

Fill in the blank: The stopping distance can be determined by calculating the distance travelled during the driver’s reaction time and the braking distance. The formula for braking distance involves the initial speed and _______.

Answer 32

[deceleration]

Question 33

A vehicle is travelling 105 km/h on a highway when the driver sees a moose in the middle of the lane. Assume the driverˋs reaction time is 1.50 s. Assume a deceleration of 5.85 m / s2.

What is the first step in determining the stopping distance of the vehicle?

Answer 33

Calculate the distance travelled during the driver’s reaction time

Question 34

A vehicle is travelling 105 km/h on a highway when the driver sees a moose in the middle of the lane. Assume the driverˋs reaction time is 1.50 s. Assume a deceleration of 5.85 m / s2.

True or False: The stopping distance is only dependent on the speed of the vehicle.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What factors contribute to the stopping distance of a vehicle?

Answer 35

• Speed of the vehicle
• Reaction time of the driver
• Deceleration of the vehicle