A: Chemistry = Chemical Changes 2.4 Using Voltaic Cells

Question 1

What is the role of metals in human life?

Answer 1

Metals play a significant role in various applications and technologies.

Question 2

What factors influence a metal’s susceptibility to corrosion?

Answer 2

Different rates of chemical reactivity.

Question 3

Why does silver jewellery tarnish while gold jewellery does not?

Answer 3

Due to differences in chemical reactivity and susceptibility to corrosion.

Question 4

What is an example of a beneficial effect of corrosion?

Answer 4

Copper artifacts were preserved by a protective layer of green corrosion (basic copper carbonate).

Question 5

What key processes are involved in corrosion reactions?

Answer 5

Oxidation and reduction.

Question 6

What is a voltaic cell?

Answer 6

A device that spontaneously produces electricity by redox reactions.

Question 7

What do we commonly refer to a group of voltaic cells connected together?

Answer 7

A battery.

Question 8

What does a battery of voltaic cells provide for devices?

Answer 8

A continuous flow or current of electrons.

Question 9

How do components in a calculator utilize energy from a battery?

Answer 9

They convert the energy from the current into other work.

Question 10

What happens to electrons as they leave one end of a voltaic cell?

Answer 10

Another group enters to maintain the flow.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: A battery is a set of _______ cells joined to produce an electric current.

Answer 11

voltaic

Question 12

True or False: A battery can consist of a single voltaic cell.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

What causes the flow of electrons in a voltaic cell?

Answer 13

Reduction and oxidation reactions combining metals that lose and gain electrons.

Question 14

What is a voltaic cell?

Answer 14

A voltaic cell uses the transfer of electrons between its chemical components to create an electric current that can flow through an external circuit.

Question 15

How is the connection to the external circuit made in a voltaic cell?

Answer 15

Through wires that contact each electrode of the voltaic cell.

Question 16

What happens to a substance that is oxidized in a voltaic cell?

Answer 16

It loses electrons.

Question 17

What happens to a substance that is reduced in a voltaic cell?

Answer 17

It gains electrons.

Question 18

What is the purpose of the investigation involving a voltaic cell?

Answer 18

To explore the oxidation and reduction reactions that occur inside a voltaic cell.

Question 19

What is an electrode?

Answer 19

A solid electrical conductor in a cell that connects a cell to an external circuit.

Question 20

What materials are needed to build a working voltaic cell?

Answer 20

2 beakers and a voltmeter (or digital multimeter).

Question 21

True or False: A voltaic cell generates electricity through the flow of protons.

Answer 21

False.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: A voltaic cell creates an electric current through the transfer of _______.

Answer 22

electrons.

Question 23

What is the role of a voltmeter in the context of a voltaic cell?

Answer 23

To measure the electric current generated by the cell.

Question 24

What is a voltaic cell?

Answer 24

A voltaic cell uses the transfer of electrons between its chemical components to create an electric current that can flow through an external circuit.

Question 25

How is the connection to the external circuit made in a voltaic cell?

Answer 25

Through wires that contact each electrode of the voltaic cell.

Question 26

What happens to a substance that is oxidized in a voltaic cell?

Answer 26

It loses electrons.

Question 27

What happens to a substance that is reduced in a voltaic cell?

Answer 27

It gains electrons.

Question 28

What is the purpose of the investigation involving a voltaic cell?

Answer 28

To explore the oxidation and reduction reactions that occur inside a voltaic cell.

Question 29

What is an electrode?

Answer 29

A solid electrical conductor in a cell that connects a cell to an external circuit.

Question 30

What materials are needed to build a working voltaic cell?

Answer 30

2 beakers and a voltmeter (or digital multimeter).

Question 31

True or False: A voltaic cell generates electricity through the flow of protons.

Answer 31

False.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: A voltaic cell creates an electric current through the transfer of _______.

Answer 32

electrons.

Question 33

What is the role of a voltmeter in the context of a voltaic cell?

Answer 33

To measure the electric current generated by the cell.

Question 34

What is the electrode called where oxidation occurs?

Answer 34

Anode ## Footnote The anode is the electrode in a cell where the oxidation half-reaction occurs.

Question 35

What is the electrode called where reduction occurs?

Answer 35

Cathode ## Footnote The cathode is the electrode in a cell where the reduction half-reaction occurs.

Question 36

Which metal is located below copper in the activity series?

Answer 36

Zinc ## Footnote Zinc is located below copper, indicating it has a greater tendency to be oxidized.

Question 37

What happens to the zinc electrode in the electrochemical cell?

Answer 37

Loses electrons ## Footnote The zinc electrode is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons.

Question 38

What happens to the copper electrode in the electrochemical cell?

Answer 38

Receives electrons ## Footnote The copper electrode is reduced, meaning it receives electrons.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: Anode and oxidation both begin with _______.

Answer 39

Vowels

Question 40

Fill in the blank: Cathode and reduction both begin with _______.

Answer 40

Consonants

Question 41

What tendency do metal atoms located closest to the bottom of the activity series have?

Answer 41

Greatest tendency to be oxidized ## Footnote This indicates that they are more likely to lose electrons.

Question 42

What is the role of the anode in an electrochemical cell?

Answer 42

Oxidation half-reaction occurs ## Footnote The anode facilitates the oxidation process.

Question 43

What is the role of the cathode in an electrochemical cell?

Answer 43

Reduction half-reaction occurs ## Footnote The cathode facilitates the reduction process.

Question 44

What is the ideal apparatus for learning about the operation of a voltaic cell?

Answer 44

A set-up with two beakers and a salt bridge.

Question 45

What type of packaging do most people use for voltaic cells?

Answer 45

Small, sealed containers.

Question 46

What are the cells commonly referred to as, even though they are not completely dry?

Answer 46

Dry cells.

Question 47

What do dry cells actually contain as the electrolyte?

Answer 47

A moist paste.

Question 48

True or False: If dry cells were completely dry, they would work properly.

Answer 48

False.

Question 49

What is the oxidation reaction in a standard consumer cell?

Answer 49

Zn(s) → Zn(aq) + 2e

Question 50

What is the reduction reaction in a standard consumer cell?

Answer 50

2 NH₄⁺(aq) + 2 MnO₂(s) + 2e → Mn₂O₄(s) + NH₃(g) + H₂O(l)

Question 51

How many consumer cells are purchased every year in North America?

Answer 51

About three billion

Question 52

What are the two strategies mentioned to help reduce environmental harm from consumer cells?

Answer 52

* Sending spent cells to local recycling centres * Using rechargeable cells

Question 53

True or False: The oxidation reaction of a consumer cell is more complex than the reduction reaction.

Answer 53

False

Question 54

Fill in the blank: The oxidation and reduction processes in consumer cells rely on the principles of _______ and _______.

Answer 54

oxidation, reduction

Question 55

What is a consequence of releasing metals and electrolytes from consumer cells into the environment?

Answer 55

They are harmful

Question 56

What is one benefit of using rechargeable cells?

Answer 56

Reduces the number of cells needed over a product's lifetime

Question 57

What type of diagram is referenced in the context of a standard consumer cell?

Answer 57

S H asts diagram

Question 58

What is the state of zinc in the oxidation reaction of a consumer cell?

Answer 58

Solid (s)

Question 59

What do electrical devices, like MP3 players and portable CD players, require to function?

Answer 59

Energy from electrons

Question 60

What is the purpose of a voltaic cell?

Answer 60

To create an electrical current through spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions

Question 61

How can the activity series for metals and metal ions be used?

Answer 61

To predict which electrode will be the anode and which will be the cathode

Question 62

Where does oxidation occur in a voltaic cell?

Answer 62

At the anode

Question 63

What is the role of the anode in a voltaic cell?

Answer 63

Source of electrons for an external circuit

Question 64

Where do electrons flow from and to in a voltaic cell?

Answer 64

From the anode through the external circuit to the cathode

Question 65

Where does reduction occur in a voltaic cell?

Answer 65

At the cathode

Question 66

What is required to keep a voltaic cell working?

Answer 66

Replenishment of reactants

Question 67

What do electrical devices, like MP3 players and portable CD players, require to function?

Answer 67

Energy from electrons

Question 68

What is the purpose of a voltaic cell?

Answer 68

To create an electrical current through spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions

Question 69

How can the activity series for metals and metal ions be used?

Answer 69

To predict which electrode will be the anode and which will be the cathode

Question 70

Where does oxidation occur in a voltaic cell?

Answer 70

At the anode

Question 71

What is the role of the anode in a voltaic cell?

Answer 71

Source of electrons for an external circuit

Question 72

Where do electrons flow from and to in a voltaic cell?

Answer 72

From the anode through the external circuit to the cathode

Question 73

Where does reduction occur in a voltaic cell?

Answer 73

At the cathode

Question 74

What is required to keep a voltaic cell working?

Answer 74

Replenishment of reactants