Aug31 M2-Pelvis_Anatomy_lecture_3

Question 1

uterine tube means what

Answer 1

Fallopian tube

Question 2

2 hiatuses formed by levator ani

Answer 2

urogenital and anal hiatus

Question 3

urogenital hiatus contains what

Answer 3

vagina and urethra

Question 4

vestibule def

Answer 4

vaginal opening (space)

Question 5

uterus shape

Answer 5

vagina to the back and then bending and uterus goes forward

Question 6

fornices of the cervix

Answer 6

holes on top of vagina made from cervix pushing in it

• anterior fornix
• posterior fornix
• lateral fornix

Question 7

parous vs nulliparous cervix

Answer 7

nulliparous = external os is a small circle
parous = external os is a retracted enlarged hole

Question 8

position of uterus: flexion angle def

Answer 8

angle between uterus and cervix (between longitudinal uterine axis and longitudinal cervical axis)

Question 9

normal flexion angle of uterus

Answer 9

anteflexed (uterus bent forward compared to cervix)

Question 10

position of uterus: version angle def

Answer 10

angle between the cervical canal and the vagina (longit cervical axis and longit vaginal axis)

Question 11

normal version angle of the uterus

Answer 11

anteverted (vagina bent forward compared to cervix)

Question 12

uterus parts

Answer 12

• fundus (top), related to abdomen
• body of uterus (endo, myo and perimetrium)
• isthmus (narrowing in bottom)
• internal os of cervix
• cervical canal
• external os of cervix

Question 13

most common tumor of the genital tract

Answer 13

fibroids (benign, CT and collagen. non cancerous)

Question 14

diff types of fibroids (locations)

Answer 14

• closing fallopian tube
• in vagina
• hanging off top of uterus
• etc

Question 15

3 supports of the uterus

Answer 15

• muscular
• endopelvis fascia
• broad ligament and assoc structures
• other ligaments

Question 16

muscular support of uterus (2)

Answer 16

• levator ani and its fascia

- perineal body (in the perineum)

Question 17

endopelvis fascia (bands of CT) support of the uterus

Answer 17

• transverse cervical (cardinal) lig (upper vagina + cervix to lateral pelvic wall. contains uterine and vaginal vessels
• pubocervical ligs (cervix to pubic bones. 2 bands)
• sacrocervical ligaments (cervix + upper vagina to lower sacrum). travels in the uterosacral fold

Question 18

broad lig + assoc structure supporting uterus

Answer 18

• broad ligament (like a curtain covering the fallopian tubes)
• round ligament of the uterus
• ovarian ligament (ligament of the ovary)
• suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 19

what is the uterosacral fold

Answer 19

fold in back wall of cervix made by rectum being there and pushing the sacrocervical lig around (sacrocervical ligs surround the rectum)

Question 20

clinical significance of uterosacral fold

Answer 20

if any support of uterus (like this one) becomes lax, cervix can descend in the vagina or vestibule

Question 21

parts of the Fallopian tube (uterine tube)

Answer 21

• fimbriae
• infundibulum
• ampulla (wide, site of fertilization)
• isthmus (narrow near uterus)
• intramural (part of uterine wall)

Question 22

Fallopian tube relates to what ligament

Answer 22

lies in the upper boarder of the broad ligament

Question 23

some sites of ectopic pregnancies

Answer 23

• abdomen (fimbriae didn’t catch the egg)
• fallopian tube
• cervix

Question 24

most common site of ectopic pregnancies

Answer 24

Fallopian tube

Question 25

ligament of the ovary (ovarian ligament) function and position

Answer 25

- connect uterus to ovary - lies below Fallopian tube, a bit posteriorly - is posterior to the round ligament of the uterus

Question 26

suspensory ligament of the ovary position and function

Answer 26

- connects the ovary to the pelvic wall - contains ovarian a. and v - passes below the fimbriae

Question 27

broad ligament is what

Answer 27

curtain covering the uterus and fallopian tube anteriorly and posteriorly *IS MADE OF PERITONEUM*

Question 28

round ligament of the uterus is what + POSITION**

Answer 28

- originates at the uterine horns (meaning near the tubes) - lies below the Fallopian tube, a bit anteriorly - is anterior to the ovarian ligament - exits the pelvis at the deep inguinal ring - passes through the inguinal canal - reaches the labia majora

Question 29

mesometrium def

Answer 29

sheet, fold of peritoneum (mesentery) formed by the portion of the broad lig that is below the ovarian lig and round lig of the uterus anteriorly and posteriorly

Question 30

mesosalpinx def

Answer 30

sheet, fold of peritoneum (mesentery) formed by the portion of the broad ligament that extends from the Fallopian tube (uterine tube) to the round ligament of the uterus and ovarian ligamen anteriorly and posteriorly

Question 31

shape of broad ligament sagittal section

Answer 31

diamond shape - sup = fall tube - inf = wall, floor - ant = round lig of the uterus - post = ovarian lig

Question 32

mesovarium def

Answer 32

sheet, fold of peritoneum (mesentery) formed by the portion of the broad ligament that extends from the center of the diamond of the broad lig (in sagittal) to the ovary, superiorly and inferiorly (overlaps the mesosalpinx and mesometrium a bit but not really bc is only the broad lig parts that are closest to the ovary)

Question 33

blood supply to the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina

Answer 33

- ovarian a (comes from aorta and travels in suspensory lig of ovary to the ovary) - uterine a (from internal iliac a, travels in transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments, gives a vaginal branch travelling along uterus and cervix down to vagina) - vaginal a (from internal iliac a) travels in transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments - vaginal branch of uterine a - anastomoses between vaginal branch of uterine a + vaginal a * veins follow back*

Question 34

equivalent of the round lig of the uterus in the male

Answer 34

testicular a coming off aorta (and testicular v going back to renal v) and going down to the scrotum via inguinal canal

Question 35

vesicouterine pouch def

Answer 35

peritoneal reflection in the female between superior bladder and anterior uterus over fundus and down posterior uterus *bc in reality the uterus is falling to the front on top of the bladder)

Question 36

rectouterine pouch or pouch of Douglas

Answer 36

peritoneal reflection in the female between posterior fornix of the vagina and anterior surface of middle third of the rectum

Question 37

peritoneal reflections in the female genital viscera

Answer 37

- anterior abd wall - sup to pubic bone - sup surface of bladder - vesicouterine pouch - over fundus until posterior bottom uterus - rectouterine pouch - anterior and lat surfaces of superior third of the rectum - posterior pelvic wall back to sigmoid colon to form the sigmoid mesocolon (mesentery holding the sigmoid colon) which is in the abd cavity**

Question 38

rectovesical pouch def

Answer 38

peritoneal reflection in the male covering the back of the bladder, top of seminal vesicles and then anterior surface of middle third of rectum)

Question 39

peritoneal reflections in the male

Answer 39

- anterior abd wall - sup to pubic bone - sup surface of bladder - post surface of bladder - top of superior end of the seminal vesicles - rectovesical pouch - ant and lat surfaces of the superior third of the rectum - post pelvic wall and posterior to sigmoid colon to form the sigmoid mesocolon (mesentery of the sigmoid colon) which is in the abd cavity**