Aug31 M2-Pelvis_Anatomy_lecture_3 Flashcards
uterine tube means what
Fallopian tube
2 hiatuses formed by levator ani
urogenital and anal hiatus
urogenital hiatus contains what
vagina and urethra
vestibule def
vaginal opening (space)
uterus shape
vagina to the back and then bending and uterus goes forward
fornices of the cervix
holes on top of vagina made from cervix pushing in it
- anterior fornix
- posterior fornix
- lateral fornix
parous vs nulliparous cervix
nulliparous = external os is a small circle parous = external os is a retracted enlarged hole
position of uterus: flexion angle def
angle between uterus and cervix (between longitudinal uterine axis and longitudinal cervical axis)
normal flexion angle of uterus
anteflexed (uterus bent forward compared to cervix)
position of uterus: version angle def
angle between the cervical canal and the vagina (longit cervical axis and longit vaginal axis)
normal version angle of the uterus
anteverted (vagina bent forward compared to cervix)
uterus parts
- fundus (top), related to abdomen
- body of uterus (endo, myo and perimetrium)
- isthmus (narrowing in bottom)
- internal os of cervix
- cervical canal
- external os of cervix
most common tumor of the genital tract
fibroids (benign, CT and collagen. non cancerous)
diff types of fibroids (locations)
- closing fallopian tube
- in vagina
- hanging off top of uterus
- etc
3 supports of the uterus
- muscular
- endopelvis fascia
- broad ligament and assoc structures
- other ligaments
muscular support of uterus (2)
- levator ani and its fascia
- perineal body (in the perineum)
endopelvis fascia (bands of CT) support of the uterus
- transverse cervical (cardinal) lig (upper vagina + cervix to lateral pelvic wall. contains uterine and vaginal vessels
- pubocervical ligs (cervix to pubic bones. 2 bands)
- sacrocervical ligaments (cervix + upper vagina to lower sacrum). travels in the uterosacral fold
broad lig + assoc structure supporting uterus
- broad ligament (like a curtain covering the fallopian tubes)
- round ligament of the uterus
- ovarian ligament (ligament of the ovary)
- suspensory ligament of the ovary
what is the uterosacral fold
fold in back wall of cervix made by rectum being there and pushing the sacrocervical lig around (sacrocervical ligs surround the rectum)
clinical significance of uterosacral fold
if any support of uterus (like this one) becomes lax, cervix can descend in the vagina or vestibule
parts of the Fallopian tube (uterine tube)
- fimbriae
- infundibulum
- ampulla (wide, site of fertilization)
- isthmus (narrow near uterus)
- intramural (part of uterine wall)
Fallopian tube relates to what ligament
lies in the upper boarder of the broad ligament
some sites of ectopic pregnancies
- abdomen (fimbriae didn’t catch the egg)
- fallopian tube
- cervix
most common site of ectopic pregnancies
Fallopian tube
ligament of the ovary (ovarian ligament) function and position
- connect uterus to ovary
- lies below Fallopian tube, a bit posteriorly
- is posterior to the round ligament of the uterus
suspensory ligament of the ovary position and function
- connects the ovary to the pelvic wall
- contains ovarian a. and v
- passes below the fimbriae
broad ligament is what
curtain covering the uterus and fallopian tube anteriorly and posteriorly
IS MADE OF PERITONEUM
round ligament of the uterus is what + POSITION**
- originates at the uterine horns (meaning near the tubes)
- lies below the Fallopian tube, a bit anteriorly
- is anterior to the ovarian ligament
- exits the pelvis at the deep inguinal ring
- passes through the inguinal canal
- reaches the labia majora
mesometrium def
sheet, fold of peritoneum (mesentery) formed by the portion of the broad lig that is below the ovarian lig and round lig of the uterus anteriorly and posteriorly
mesosalpinx def
sheet, fold of peritoneum (mesentery) formed by the portion of the broad ligament that extends from the Fallopian tube (uterine tube) to the round ligament of the uterus and ovarian ligamen anteriorly and posteriorly
shape of broad ligament sagittal section
diamond shape
- sup = fall tube
- inf = wall, floor
- ant = round lig of the uterus
- post = ovarian lig
mesovarium def
sheet, fold of peritoneum (mesentery) formed by the portion of the broad ligament that extends from the center of the diamond of the broad lig (in sagittal) to the ovary, superiorly and inferiorly (overlaps the mesosalpinx and mesometrium a bit but not really bc is only the broad lig parts that are closest to the ovary)
blood supply to the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina
- ovarian a (comes from aorta and travels in suspensory lig of ovary to the ovary)
- uterine a (from internal iliac a, travels in transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments, gives a vaginal branch travelling along uterus and cervix down to vagina)
- vaginal a (from internal iliac a) travels in transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments
- vaginal branch of uterine a
- anastomoses between vaginal branch of uterine a + vaginal a
- veins follow back*
equivalent of the round lig of the uterus in the male
testicular a coming off aorta (and testicular v going back to renal v) and going down to the scrotum via inguinal canal
vesicouterine pouch def
peritoneal reflection in the female between superior bladder and anterior uterus over fundus and down posterior uterus
*bc in reality the uterus is falling to the front on top of the bladder)
rectouterine pouch or pouch of Douglas
peritoneal reflection in the female between posterior fornix of the vagina and anterior surface of middle third of the rectum
peritoneal reflections in the female genital viscera
- anterior abd wall
- sup to pubic bone
- sup surface of bladder
- vesicouterine pouch
- over fundus until posterior bottom uterus
- rectouterine pouch
- anterior and lat surfaces of superior third of the rectum
- posterior pelvic wall back to sigmoid colon to form the sigmoid mesocolon (mesentery holding the sigmoid colon) which is in the abd cavity**
rectovesical pouch def
peritoneal reflection in the male covering the back of the bladder, top of seminal vesicles and then anterior surface of middle third of rectum)
peritoneal reflections in the male
- anterior abd wall
- sup to pubic bone
- sup surface of bladder
- post surface of bladder
- top of superior end of the seminal vesicles
- rectovesical pouch
- ant and lat surfaces of the superior third of the rectum
- post pelvic wall and posterior to sigmoid colon to form the sigmoid mesocolon (mesentery of the sigmoid colon) which is in the abd cavity**
