Atropine

Question 1

Presentation of Atropine

Answer 1

0. 6mg in 1ml amp

1. 2mg in 1ml amp

Question 2

Pharmacology of Atropine

Answer 2

Anti-cholinergic agent

Question 3

Pharmacology of Atropine (actions)

Answer 3

Inhibits the actions of Ach on post-ganglionic cholinergic nerves at the neuro-effector site, e.g. as a vagal blocker and allows sympathetic effect to:

• increase pulse rate by increasing S.A. node firing rate
• increase the conduction velocity the A.V node

Antidote to reverse the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors at the post-ganglionic neuro-effector sites of cholinergic nerves, i.e. reduces the excessive salivary, sweat, GIT, and bronchial secretions, and relaxes smooth muscles

Question 4

Metabolism of Atropine

Answer 4

By the liver and excreted mainly by the kidneys

Question 5

Atropine Indications

Answer 5

Bradycardia with poor perfusion

Organophosphate poisoning with excessive cholinergic effects

Question 6

Atropine Contraindications

Answer 6

Nil of significance when used for either emergency indication

Question 7

Atropine Precautions

Answer 7

- Do not increase HR above 100bpm, 
Except in children <6yrs
- Atrial flutter
- Atrial fibrillation
- Glaucoma

Question 8

Route of Administration of Atropine

Answer 8

IV

ET

Question 9

Side Effects of Atropine

Answer 9

• Palpitations
• Urine retention
• Tachycardia
• Dry mouth
• Dilated Pupils
• Visual blurring
• Confusion, restlessness (lge doses)
• Hot, dry skin (lge doses)

Question 10

Effects of Atropine

Answer 10

IV
Onset: <5min
Duration: 2-6hrs