Apes unit 1 Flashcards
steps to sustainability
- Natural capital/ solar capital
- recognize that human activities degrade natural capital by using resources faster than nature renewing them
- come up with solutions for problems
- tradeoff to resolve conflicts when making solutions
- individuals matter
natural capital: not fixed, changes over years
natural resources + natural services (keep things alive)
resources: air, water, minerals, energy
services: air/water purification, conservation, waste treatment
solar capital
energy from the sun provide wind, water
sound science
concepts that are widely accepted by experts in a field. must support the steps in sustainability.
econ growth
increase capacity of a country to provide ppl with stuff. need population prowth n more production/consumption
measured by GDP
GDP
annual market value of all goods/services
development
based on per capita GDP-PPP
developed vs developing
deveoped: less ppl less population growth more wealth more use of resource more polluiton
when will world population double
70/ percent growth rate
resource
perpetual = renewed continously renewable = replenished quickly nonrenewable= becomes econ depleted
environmental degradation
exceed natural resource replacement rate so supply shrinks
tragedy of commons
my actions wont mater, resource is renewable. use free access resources at rate below sustainable yield or convet it to private ownership although not practical
eco footprint
amt of land needed to supply an area with resources. degrading if its higher than the ecological capacity
5 choices when nonrenewable resource is depleted
- find more
- recycle reuse
- waste less
- use less
- substitute
effect of pollution
- disrupt/degrate life support system
- damaged wildlife, health, property
- create nuisances, noise, smells, tastes, sights
problems with relying on pollution cleanup
- temporary
- removes polutant in one part but cause pollution in another
- expensive or impossible to do
poth pollution prevention n cleanup is necessary
causes of envir problems
population growth unsustainable resource use poverty not including envir costs of econ goods in market ignorance
affluenza
buying more things wlll bring happiness. impacts envir but can be beneficial bc provides money for clean n pure
envir impact of a population depends on
number of ppl
average resource use per person
envir effects of technology associated with resources and polution
all multipled together to get the impact
total envir impact in developing countries
population
result of degradtion of renew
resource use per person is low
total envir impact in developed
high rates of resource use n pollution n degradation
frontier envir view
continent has vast resources
natural sustainability
rely on sun
biodiversity
population control
nutrient recucling
what sustains life on earth
flow of energy
cyccling of matter
gravity
soil
o horizon: leaf
A horizon: topsoil humus
B horizon: subsoil
C: parent material
