Apes Ch.4

Question 1

Differential reproduction

Answer 1

This means that individuals with a certain genotype for a given locus or gene have more reproductive success than individuals within the same population that have other genotypes for for that same gene.

Question 2

Coevolution

Answer 2

Evolution of one species in response to new adaptations that appear in another species

Question 3

Hybrid

Answer 3

Offspring that results from the mating of individuals from two different species or two true-breeding varieties of the same species.

Question 4

Gene pool

Answer 4

The total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time.

Question 5

Fitness

Answer 5

ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environme

Question 6

Generalist species

Answer 6

is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources

Question 7

Specialist species

Answer 7

can thrive only in a narrow range of environmental conditions or has a limited diet.

Question 8

Resource partitioning

Answer 8

is the process whereby similar species exploit the limited resources in an ecological area without one species driving the others into extinction.

Question 9

Divergent evolution

Answer 9

one species diverges into multiple descendant species.

Question 10

Speciation

Answer 10

formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Question 11

Endemic species

Answer 11

plants and animals that exist only in one geographic region.

Question 12

Transgenic organism

Answer 12

Organisms that have genes from other species inserted into their genomes

Question 13

biological evolution

Answer 13

description of how the earth’s life changes over time

charles darwin/alfred wallace= natural selection

Question 14

chemical evolution

Answer 14

formation of cells from organic molecules. 1 bill yrs

Question 15

biological evolution

Answer 15

natural selection from singled cell to multicellular. 3.7 bill yrs

change in population’s genetic makeup

Question 16

mutations

Answer 16

for genetic variety; most r lethal
occurs in two ways
1. exposure of DNA to external agent-raioactivity
2. random mistakes during mitosis

only mutations in reproductive cells affect offspring.

Question 17

necessary for bio evolution

Answer 17

genetic variability
heritable trait
trait lead to differential reproduction

Question 18

differential reproduction

Answer 18

enable individuals with the trait to leave more offspring than others

Question 19

adaptation

Answer 19

heritable trait that enables an organism to survive n reproduce better

Question 20

population have 3 possibilities when envir change

Answer 20

adapt
migrate
extnict

Question 21

coevolution

Answer 21

species engage in a black n forth genetic contest- each gain temp genetic advantage

changes in one gene pool leads to change in the other gene pool

Question 22

bats v moths

Answer 22

bats eat moth using echolocation-emit high frequency high pulses-create a sonic image.

moth can hear bat’s frequency n fall to ground or flying evasivly

bats switch their freeqency

moth jam their echolocation system

bats turn off echolocation n use moth’s click

Question 23

hybridization

Answer 23

two distinct species breed produce a hybrid-they sometimes survive better

Question 24

horizontal gene transfer

Answer 24

microorganism can exchange genes without sex

Question 25

other things that affect evolution faster

Answer 25

hybridization
gene transfer
resulting adaptatin

Question 26

limits to dapation

Answer 26

adaptation with only genetic rait present in gene pool