AP Bio Unit 2.6 Flashcards
What’s a concentration gradient?
It’s when one area is more concentrated than another
What does a membrane typically do?
It typically seperates two different concentrations of molecules
What is passive transport?
It’s the net moveement of concentrations from high to low without the use of metabollic energy
What are the molecules that can undergo passive transport?
Small non-polar molecules such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide
How do ions or polar molecules travel through the cell membrane?
they travel through facillitated diffusion
What is facillitated diffusion?
It’s a transport mechanism that allows for hydrophillic molecules or ions to pass through protiens
What is active transport?
It’s a mechanism of transport that requires the use of energy to transport molecules from regions of low concentration to high concentration
Against the concentration gradient
What is endocytosis?
It is the mechanism of transport to enter larger molecules. It requires energy, by creating new vescicles derived from the cell membrane.
What are the three types of endocytosis?
- Pinocytosis: the cell takes in larger molecules
- Phanocytosis: the cell takes in fluid containing dissolved substances
- Receptor-facillitated endocytosis: the cell takes in specific molecules that are captures by the receptors on the surface of the cell
What is exocytosis?
It’s the transport mechanism for getting things out of the cell using energy by making vescicles out of the membrane
What is the process of endocytosis?
Internal vescicles fuse with the membrane of the cell and secrete large macromolecules out of the cell
What are some of the things that can be secreted out of the cell?
- Protiens (Signalling protiens)
- Hormones
- Waste
