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MRCP Infectious Diseases > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

Guanosine analogues inhibiting viral DNA polymerase

A

aciclovir
Ganciclovir

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2
Q

What viruses is aciclovir used to treat?

A

Herpes SImplex (HSV)
Varicella Zoster (VZV)

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3
Q

What virus is ganciclovir used to treat?

A

CMV

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4
Q

Guanosine analogue which interferes with the capping of viral mRNA

A

Ribavirin
- for chronic Hep C
and RSV

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5
Q

Side effect of aciclovir

A

Crystalline Nephropathy

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6
Q

Side effect of ganciclovir

A

Myelosuppression/
Agranulocytosis

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7
Q

Which antiviral causes Haemolytic anaemia

A

Ribavirin

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8
Q

MOA of Tamiflu (Oseltamivir)

A

Inhibits neuraminidase

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9
Q

Other antivirals used to treat flu

A

Amantadine (also used for Parkinsons)

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10
Q

Side effects of amantadine

A

Confusion
Ataxia
slurred speech

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11
Q

Pyrophosphate analogue which inhibits viral DNA polymerase

A

Foscarnet

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12
Q

For what viruses is Foscarnet used?

A

CMV
HSV (if not responding to aciclovir)

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13
Q

Side effects of Foscarnet

A

Nephrotoxicity
hypocalcaemia, hypomagnasaemia
seizures

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14
Q

MOA of interferon alpha

A

inhibit synthesis of mRNA

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15
Q

Viruses treated with interferon alpha

A

Chronic hepatitis B & C
hairy cell leukaemia

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16
Q

Side effects of interferon alpha

A

Flu-like symptoms
anorexia
myelosuppression

17
Q

Antiviral used for CMV retinitis in HIV

A

Cidofovir

18
Q

Side effect of Cidofovir

A

Nephrotoxicity

19
Q

What are the 3 types of antiretroviral agents used in HIV treatment

A

Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)
e.g. zidovudine (AZT), didanosine, lamivudine, stavudine, zalcitabine

Protease inhibitors (PI)
[inhibits protease needed for virus to live outside cell]
e.g. indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)
examples: nevirapine, efavirenz

20
Q
A

MRCP Infectious Diseases (73 decks)

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