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Pharmacology > Antiepileptics > Flashcards

Antiepileptics Flashcards

1
Q

T/F The correct seizure type or epileptic syndrome must be identified prior to starting AED because only certain drugs are effective in treating specific types of seizures

A

True

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2
Q

What Anti-convulsant drugs block voltage gated sodium channels?

A

Phenytoin
Valproic acid
Carbamazepine

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3
Q

What anti-convulsant drugs block T type calcium channels?

A

Valproic acid

Ethosuximide

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4
Q

What inhibits the GABA-A receptor, induces CYP3A4, and is the first anti-seizure drug?

A

Phenobarbital

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5
Q

What is highly protein bound, 95% of it is metabolized by the liver and is associated with Steven Johnson Syndrome?

A

Phenytoin

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6
Q

What is deficient in Phenytoin?

A

Vitamin D and Folic Acid

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7
Q

What is Phenytoin’s major characteristic?

A

Major CYP inducer

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8
Q

What type of seizure predominately occurs in children and last 10-30 seconds where the child loses consciousness?

A

Absence seizures

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9
Q

What drug is used as monotherapy for absence seizures and inhibits T-calcium channels?

A

Ethosuximide

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10
Q

What blocks sodium channels and has adverse drug reactions to hyponatremia, diplopia, ataxia, aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis?

A

Carbamazepine

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11
Q

What is Carbamazepine’s major characteristic?

A

Major CYP inducer and it induces itself

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12
Q

What drug blocks T calcium channels, is a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, and increases Hepatic blood enzymes?

A

Valproic Acid

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13
Q

What is used as adjunctive treatment only for absence seizures and juvenile myoclonic seizures?

A

Clonazepam and Clorazepate (BZDs)

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14
Q

What is the ADR of BZDs?

A

Prolonged episodes of multiple seizures if drug withdrawn too quickly

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15
Q

What AED drug is used mainly for neuropathic pain?

A

Gabapentin

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16
Q

What AED drug is used for peripheral neuropathy and mood disorders (bipolar), but may cause severe skin reactions?

A

Lamotrigine

17
Q

What AED drug is used for migraine prevention?

A

Topiramate

18
Q

What condition is known as a series of seizures where full recovery from one seizure does not occur before the onset of the next seizure?

A

Status Epilepticus

19
Q

Women on AED who are also taking oral birth control pills have how big of a failure rate of contraceptives?

A

3x higher

20
Q

What drug is associated with Neural tube formation abnormalities?

A

Phenytoin

21
Q

What phenytoin drug is used for treating status epilepticus?

A

Fosphenytoin

Pharmacology (21 decks)

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