Anatomy - The Peritoneal Cavity Flashcards
What is the epithelium lining of the abdominal cavity?
Simple squamous epithelium.
What is the peritoneal cavity?
A potential space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum. It is filled with peritoneal fluid.
What is a retroperitoneal organ?
An organ that only has it’s anterior surface covered by peritoneum. These organs lie behind the peritoneum.
Name 6 retroperitoneal organs.
Duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, pancreas, oesophagus, kidneys. (DADPOK).
What is an intraperitoneal organ?
An organ fully covered in visceral peritoneum. It is suspended in the peritoneal cavity.
Name 6 intraperitoneal organs.
Sigmoid colon, appendix, liver, transverse colon, stomach, small intestine. (SALTSS).
What connects the lesser sac to the greater sac?
The epiploic foramen.
What does the lesser omentum attach to?
It extends from the liver and attaches to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum.
What is found in the right free border of the lesser omentum?
- Common bile duct. - Hepatic artery. - Hepatic portal vein.
Where is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach?
The greater omentum.
Describe the position and folding of the greater omentum in the peritoneal cavity.
It hangs down like an apron and then folds back on itself meaning there are 4 layers. The posterior 2 layers go on to enclose the transverse colon (transverse mesocolon) and then form the parietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall.
What is it called when the peritoneal cavity becomes distended by fluid?
Ascites.
With a patient in a supine (lying down) position, where might fluid collect in the abdomen?
In the right retrohepatic space.
What embryological structure forms the ligamentum teres?
The umbilical vein.
Which structures surround the epiploic foramen?
- Anteriorly: lesser omentum. - Posteriorly: IVC. - Inferiorly: duodenum. - Superiorly: caudate lobe of liver.
What connects the jejunum to the posterior abdominal wall?
Small intestine mesentery.
What parts of the large intestine are intraperitoneal?
The transverse and sigmoid colon.
Define lesser sac.
A peritoneal sac that lies posteriorly to the stomach and lesser omentum. It communicates with the greater sac through the epiploic foramen.
What lies in the free border of the lesser omentum?
The hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein and common bile duct.
What structures lie posteriorly to the stomach?
Pancreas, diaphragm, splenic artery and vein.