Anatomy 6 - Vertebral Column Flashcards
Functions of the vertebral column
Protects the spinal cord, supports the head and the trunk and transmits the weight associated with the torso through to the lower limb
What are responsible for maintaining an upright stance
The primarily postural muscles
The marrow of the vertebrae is an important site of
Haematopoiesis
A typical vertebra contains
A vertebral body, pedicel, transverse process, laminate, spinous process, vertebral canal, vertebral arch and a vertebral notch
The pedicle connects
The vertebral arch to the vertebral body
What does the vertebral body do
It gives strength to the vertebral column and supports body weight
Most of the superior and inferior surface of the vertebral body is covered in
Hyaline cartilage
What does the vertebral arch consist of
Two pedicles and laminae
The lamina is
A thin plate
The five regions of the vertebral column are
The cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and the coccygeal
How many cervical vertebrae is there
7
Number of thoracic vertebra
12
Number of lumbar vertebra
5
Number of sacral vertebra
5
Number of coccygeal vertebra
4
The spinal cord runs from
The foramen magnum to L1
Where do spinal nerves exit the vertebral column from
The intervertebral foramina
Number of cervical spinal nerves
8
Number of thoracic spinal nerves
12
Number of sacral spinal nerves
5
Number of coccygeal spinal nerves
1
The three meninges are callled
Pia, arachnoid and dura
Muscle primary involved in movement of the upper limb
Trapezius, deltoid, levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor and rhomboideus major
What are the functions of the deep muscles
Extension of the vertebral column and support flexion
The soft tissue helps support
The head
Points of attachment of soft tissue are known as
Transverse processes
Four different areas of curvature of the spine
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral
Which areas of the spine are concave anteriorly
Thoracic and sacral kyphoses
Which areas of the spine are concave posteriorly
Cervical and lumbar lordoses
Excessive thoracic kyphosis is characterised by
An abnormal increase in the thoracic curvature
Extensive lumbar lordosis is characterised by
Anterior tilting of the pelvis
What is scoliosis characterised by
Abnormal lateral curvature that is accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae
