Anatomy 17 - The Integumentary System Flashcards
What is the integumentary system composed of
Skin and associated hair, nails, sensory receptors and sweat glands
Functions of the skin
Provides protection, helps maintain homeostasis, temperature control and provides sensory information
Three layers of the skin
The epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
What is the epidermis composed of
Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
The dermis is made up of
Connective tissue
What does the hypodermis have
A rich blood supply and a fat layer
What do stratified epithelium protect against
Mechanical abrasion
What is the function of the keraatin in the epithelium
To prevent water loss
What does the continuos epithelium protect against
Microorgansims
What in the dermis proctets against stretching
Elastin and collagen fibres
How is temperature regulated
By blood flow, hair, fat and sweat glands
What are the different types of cell found within the epidermis
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhan cells and merkel cells
Function of keratinocytes
Produce keratin
Function of melaninocytes
To produce the pigemt melanin
What does melanin protect from
Damaging UV rays
Where do Langerhan cells originate from
Bone marrow
Function of Langerhan cells
Protect against microbes
Function of merkel cells
To contact the sensory receptors and detect touch sensation
What are the layers of the epidermis
Stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stadum lucidum and stratum corneum
What is the stratum basale
The deepest layer of columnar keratinocytes
What happens within the stratum granulosum
Keratinocytes gradually flatten and undergo apoptosis
Where is the stadum lucidum found
On the palms, fingertips and soles of the feet
What is the stratum corneum
The final layer of flattened dead keratinocytes
In which layer of the epidermis are new cells formed
Stratum basale
