Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Second Year - Anatomy CA21007 > Anatomy 16 - Anatomy and Histology of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Anatomy 16 - Anatomy and Histology of the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Nerves that take information to the brain are known as

A

Afferent nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nerve that take informatoin from the brain are known as

A

Efferent nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the nervous system composed of

A

The central nervous system and the periperal nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the nervous system

A

To control and coordinate the function of organ systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three membranous layers that cover the brain

A

The pia mater, the arichnoid mater and the dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three membranous lyaers that cover the brain known as

A

The meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What surrounds and protects the CNs

A

The meninges and the ceribrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the innermost meningal covering

A

The pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the middle meningal covering

A

The arichnoid mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the outermst meningal covering

A

The dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the dura mater intimately related to

A

The internal aspect o the bone surrounding the neurocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What separates the dura mater from the surrounding bone in the vertebral column

A

A fat filled epidural space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main arteries that supply the brain

A

The common carotid, external carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is formed when the vertebral arteries join

A

The basilar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What arteries come from the bifurcation of the basilar artery

A

The anterior and middle cerebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What arises from the external carotid artery

A

the middle meningeal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does the middle meningeal artery enter the skull

A

Through the foramen spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What drains blood from the brain

A

The dural venous sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where do the dural venous sinuses drain blood into

A

The internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What veins drain the head

A

The anterior jugular, external jugular, internal jugular, vertebral and retromandibular veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the brain and spinal cord composed of

A

Grey matter and white matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where are the nerve cell bodies found

A

Within the grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where are the interconnecting fibre tract systems found

A

Within the white matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is held within the grey matter

A

Neurons, cell processes, synapses and support cells

25
Q

What is held within the white matter

A

Axons and their support cells

26
Q

What is the appearance of the grey matter in the spinal cord

A

An h-shaped area

27
Q

What is the outer layer of matter in the spinal cord

A

White matter

28
Q

What are the two principle cells of the nervous system

A

Neurons and glial cells

29
Q

Functions of neurons

A

Recieve information, integrate he information and then transmit electrical impulses to another neuron/effector cell

30
Q

What are the four tyes of glial cells

A

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells

31
Q

What glial cells have many processes and are usually star-shaped

A

Astrocytes

32
Q

Function of astrocytes

A

Support, maintaining the blod-brain barrier and environmental homeostasis

33
Q

What type of ytissue is not found within the CNS

A

Conective tissue

34
Q

Function of oligodendrocytes

A

Produce myelin but only in the CNS

35
Q

Function of microglia

A

They are involved in immune monitoring and antigen presentation

36
Q

WHat are cuboidal/columnar epithelium

A

Ependymal cells

37
Q

Principle roles of the CNS

A

To integrate and coordinate incoming and outgoing nerual signals and to carry out higher mental function

38
Q

What systems are found within the brain

A

Somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system and endocrine functions

39
Q

In the CNS a collection of nerve cell bodies is known as

A

A nucleus

40
Q

In the CNS a bundle of fibres is known as

A

Tracts

41
Q

What is the function of bundles of fibres within the CNS

A

To connect the nuclei

42
Q

What does the PNS consist of

A

Nerve fibres and cell bodies that lie outside the CNS

43
Q

What makes up a nerve of the PNS

A

A cell body with a nucleus, an axon and a myelin sheath

44
Q

Nerves that leave the cranium are known as

A

Cranial nerves

45
Q

Nerve that leave the vertebral column are known as

A

Spinal nerves

46
Q

Within the PNS cell body aggregations constitue a

A

Ganglion

47
Q

Within the PNS what do a bundle of fibres, the connective tissue and blood vessels serving it constitue

A

A nerve

48
Q

What constitues the autonomic nervous sytem

A

Motor fibres

49
Q

What does the ANS stimulate

A

Smooth muscle, modified cardiac muscle and glandular cells

50
Q

What are the two systems of the ANS

A

The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

51
Q

Where are the cell bodies of presynaptic nerurons of the sympathetic system found

A

In the nuclei of the spinal cord/the intermedoilateral cell columns

52
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the postsynaptic neurones of the smpathetic system found

A

The paravertebral ganglia and the prevertebral ganglia

53
Q

Where is the paravertebral ganglia

A

The left and right synaptic trunks on each side of the vertebral column

54
Q

Where is the prevertebral ganglia

A

In the plexus that surround the origins of the main branches of the abdominal aorta

55
Q

What is the primary function of the symapthetic system

A

To regulate blod vessels

56
Q

Presynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibres that exit the CNS with cranial nerves are known as

A

Cranial parasympathetic outflow

57
Q

Presynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibres that exit through the anterior roots of the sacral spinal nerves and pelvic splanchic nerves are known as

A

Sacral parasympathetic outflow

58
Q

What type of system is the sympathetic system

A

Catabolic

59
Q

What type of system is the parasympathetic system

A

Anabolic/homeostatic

Second Year - Anatomy CA21007 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions