Anat: Upper And lower limbs and Head

Question 0

What are the roots of the brachiradialis reflex?

Answer 0

C 5 6 7

Question 1

What innervated the serratus anterior? What root is it from?

Answer 1

Long thoracic. C5-C7 roots.

Question 2

Which brachial plexus syndrome affects the PROXIMAL muscles? Arm is addicted extended and flexed hand at wrist?

Answer 2

Erb Duchenne’s Syndrome

Usually seen in difficult shoulder deliveries.

Question 3

Which brachial plexus syndrome affects the muscles innervated by C8 and T1. Ape hand and claw hand are BOTH seen.

Answer 3

Klumpke’s paralysis

Question 4

In a long thoracic nerve lesion which border of the scapula is winged? What movement of Te scapula is inhibited?

Answer 4

Vertebral border.

Protraction.

Winging usually due to radical mastectomy, stab wounds and thorax surgery.

Question 5

What part of the humerus must be injured to result in difficulty in lateral rotation and abduction of the shoulder?

Answer 5

Surgical neck of the humerus. Axillary nerve.

Affecting the deltoid and there’s minor.

Question 6

What part of the humerus must be injured to result in difficulty extension at the wrist and parenthesia of the skin over the snuff box?

Answer 6

Midshaft fx. Radial nerve lesion.

Question 7

What wrist bone is commonly affected to result in an ape hand?

Answer 7

Dislocation of the Lunate. Carpal tunnel syndrome affecting median nerve.

Question 8

What wrist bone is commonly affected to result in an claw hand?

Answer 8

Fx of the hamate. Px will be unable to hold paper in between fingers.

Question 9

What is the largest branch of the axillary artery? What part is it located in? 1/2/3?

Answer 9

Sub scapular artery in the 3rd part

Question 10

What kind of fracture results in anterior displacement of the distal end of the radius?

Answer 10

Smith’s.

Posterior displacement is Colls’e fx

Question 11

What is the common distal attachment of the distal attachment of the quadriceps femoris muscles?

Answer 11

Base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 12

What is the common insertion of the iliac us and psoas muscles?

Answer 12

Lesser trochanter of femur.

Question 13

What is the major arterial supply of the femoral head?

Answer 13

Medial femoral circumflex artery

Question 14

A fracture of the neck of the femur will result in rotation in which direction?

Answer 14

Lateral.

If dislocation medial rotation.

Question 15

How many bones do we have?

Answer 15

206

Question 16

What kind of diarrhrotic joint is the 1st metacarpal?

Answer 16

Saddle

Question 17

What is the medial border of the axillary?

Answer 17

2nd to the 6th ribs

Serratus anterior muscle

Question 18

All the rotator cuff muscles insert in the greater tubercle of the humerus EXCEPT:

Answer 18

Subacapularis which inserts in the lesser tubercle of the himerus

Question 19

The quadrangle dorsal scapular space contains?

Answer 19

Posterior circumflex funeral vessels AND axillary nerve

Triangular space has circumflex scapular vessels.

Question 20

Which among the anterior compartment arm muscles flexes the forearm at the elbow?

Answer 20

Corachobrachialis

Question 21

What are the two muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are NOT innervated by the median nerve?

Answer 21

Flexor Carpi ulnaris and the medial part of the flexor digitoxin profundus

Question 22

Name the 3 anterior compartment forearm muscles that DO NOT originate on the medial epicondyle.

Answer 22

The deep group:
flexor digitorum profundus
Pronator quadratus
Flexor policis longus

Question 23

The brachiradialis muscle located in the psoterior compartment of the forearm is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 23

Radialis nerve.

Question 24

In a patient with a winged scapula, what action will she have trouble performing?

Answer 24

Raising the IPSILATERAL arm over 90 degrees (above the head). Serratus anterior is unable to move the scapula to enable this motion.

Question 25

How many bones do we have?

Answer 25

206

Question 26

What kind of diarrhrotic joint is the 1st metacarpal?

Answer 26

Saddle

Question 27

What is the medial border of the axillary?

Answer 27

2nd to the 6th ribs | Serratus anterior muscle

Question 28

All the rotator cuff muscles insert in the greater tubercle of the humerus EXCEPT:

Answer 28

Subacapularis which inserts in the lesser tubercle of the himerus

Question 29

What do you call a fracture of the 4th and 5th metacarpals?

Answer 29

Boxer's fracture

Question 30

What is the only anterior compartment thigh muscle that acts to flex the knee joint?

Answer 30

Sartorius

Question 31

Name all the contents of Te femoral triangle.

Answer 31

``` Nerve femoral Artery femoral in sheath Vein femoral in sheath Empty space Lymphatics ```

Question 32

All adductor muscles originate and attach where?

Answer 32

Pubis to lines aspera

Question 33

You are about to perform a femoral vein catheterization. You have felt the pulsations of the femoral artery. Where is the vein located?

Answer 33

Medial to pulsations

Question 34

What nerve passes through the inguinal canal? What part of the skin does in innervate?

Answer 34

Genitofemoral nerve. Scrotum and groin.

Question 35

What are the nerve roots of the genitofemoral nerve? And which component supplies the cremaster?

Answer 35

L1 and 2. Cremaster muscle genital branch.

Question 36

What is the root if the nerve that supplies the lower abdominal wall?

Answer 36

L1. The iliohypogastric nerve.

Question 37

IM injections to the lower medial quadrant of the gluteus medius or posterior dislocations of the femur may result in?

Answer 37

Sciatic nerve lesions

Question 38

What is the only 3 gluteal muscles that medially rotate the thigh at the hip joint?

Answer 38

Gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascias latae. All others laterally rotate!

Question 39

A px developed a psoas abscess. On PE you noticed that he had a 1+ patellar tendon reflex on the same side and he had difficulty walking. What nerve is involved?

Answer 39

Femoral nerve.

Question 40

What is the MOST commonly injured nerve of the pelvis?

Answer 40

Obturator

Question 41

What are the only 3 posterior compartment muscles that are capable flexing the knee because of their origin at the femur?

Answer 41

Popliteal, plantaris and the femur

Question 42

After palpating for the popliteal pulsations you wish to puncture the popliteal vein, where will you do it?

Answer 42

Lateral to the pulsations. Remember: lateral to medial NVA

Question 43

What is the ONLY muscle stabilizes both the medial and lateral portions of the knee?

Answer 43

Gastrocnemius because is has 2 heads!

Question 44

What are the 3 most commonly injured structures of the knee joint?

Answer 44

ACL, MCL/ tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus

Question 45

What is the keystone bone of the medial longitudinal arch? How about lateral longitudinal arch?

Answer 45

Rounded head of the talus. cuboid.

Question 46

Most important plantar ligament

Answer 46

Calcaneonavicular joint also called the spring ligament. Supports the arch of the foot.

Question 47

``` Brodmann area for Vision? Auditory? Broca's area? Wernicke's area? ```

Answer 47

Visual 17 Auditory 41 42 Broca's 44, 45 Wernicke's 22

Question 48

What cranial fossa does the accessory meningeal and V3 pass?

Answer 48

Foramen ovale with the lesser petrosal nerve.

Question 49

What cranial fossa does the superior ophthalmic v. pass?

Answer 49

Superior orbital fissure with CN 3, 4, V1, and 6

Question 50

What cranial fossa does the middle meningeal artery and meningeal branch of the V3 pass?

Answer 50

Foramen spinosum

Question 51

What 6 structures pass through the jugular foramen?

Answer 51

Inferior petrosal sinus Sigmoid sinus Posterior meningeal artery CN 9, 10, 11

Question 52

What artery travels with CN 8 and 7 in the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 52

Labyrinthine artery

Question 53

If CN 10 was injured what action would the tongue not be able to perform?

Answer 53

Elevation by the palatoglossus

Question 54

What 2 veins do the anterior and posterior parts of the retromandibular vein form?

Answer 54

IJV with the common facial v | EJV with the posterior oricular

Question 55

What pharyngeal arch is phonation from CN 10?

Answer 55

4 and 6

Question 56

The eye is up and out with CN is damaged?

Answer 56

CN 4

Question 57

What do you call a circumscribed depression in the skull of a young child?

Answer 57

Pond fx

Question 58

What is the weakest fossa if the base of the skull?

Answer 58

Middle

Question 59

2nd most common fx bone of the face?

Answer 59

Zygomatic bibe

Question 60

Which fx needs prolonged fixation? Maxillary or mandibular?

Answer 60

Mandibular

Question 61

Which nerve is damaged in forceps delivery?

Answer 61

The facial nerve

Question 63

Where should a burr hole be placed for the most common kind of extradural hemorrhage?

Answer 63

2.5-4cm above the midpoint of the zygomatic arch. MC affected anterior division of the middle meningeal artery

Question 64

Intracranial hemorrhage occurring in an infant is usually from?

Answer 64

Great cerebral veins, straight sinus and inferior sagittal sinus

Question 65

In blowout fractures: 1. Loss of sensation on the skin cheek and gum is due to violation in what structure? 2. How about limited upward gaze?

Answer 65

1. Injury to the inraorbital nerve, a mandibular branch of V3 2. Entrapment of the superior rectus

Question 66

What ganglion is responsible for the postganglionic part of the direct light reflex?

Answer 66

Ciliary ganglion

Question 67

In examning the tympanic membrane, the external meatus should be pulled in what direction for: 1. Adults 2. Childern

Answer 67

1. Upward and backward | 2. Straight backward backward and downward

Question 68

How to reduce a dislocated TMJ?

Answer 68

Press downard on lower molar teeth and push backward on the jaw.

Question 69

In the embryology of the face, what are the 3 processes that must fuse to form the face? The 3 sensory branches of the the fifth cranial nerve, V1 V2 V3 innvervate these.

Answer 69

Frontonasal process Manibular process Maxillary process

Question 70

Facial muscles derive from which arch?

Answer 70

The 2nd

Question 71

Isolated cleft lip should be operated on at no later than?

Answer 71

2 months

Question 72

What is an acute infectino of the submandibular fascial space that is usually secondary to dental infection?

Answer 72

Ludwig's agina

Question 73

How does one stop torrential hemorrhage from the upper limb?

Answer 73

Exerting downard and backward pressure on the third part of the subclavian artery against the surface of the first rib

Question 74

Where does one puncture when doing an anterior approach IJV?

Answer 74

On the apex of the triangle formed by the 2 heads of the SCM and the clavicle. Insert needle in a downward direction.

Question 75

Where does one puncture when doing an an infraclavicular approach subclavian vein catherization?

Answer 75

At the junction of the medial third and latera 2/3 of the clavicle. The needle is pinted toward the middle of the suprasternal notch

Question 76

How does one elicit double vision with fourth nerve paralysis?

Answer 76

Ask the patient to look down.

Question 77

Ectoderm or Entoderm? 1. Enamel of teeth 2. Lips 3. Tongue epithelium

Answer 77

1. Ectoderm 2. Ectoderm 3. Entoderm

Question 78

At what week should the two parts of the uvula be united?

Answer 78

11th week. Soft palate folds united by 8th week.

Question 79

Frey's syndrome presents as?

Answer 79

Persipiration appearing on skin covering the parotid when the patient eats. Occurs when PS auriculotemporal nerves join the distal end of the great auricular nerve.

Question 80

Referred pain from frontal sinusitis refers to what part? How bout that of the maxillary sinus?

Answer 80

Forehead, superior orbital nerve | Upper jaw, teeth, inferior orbital nerve

Question 81

What sinuses do NOT drain into the middle meatus?

Answer 81

Sphenoidal sinus and the posterior group of the ethmoidal sinus

Question 82

What kind of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy necessitates tracheostomy?

Answer 82

Bilateral partial section leading to adduction of the vocal cords because abductors are more affected in a partial lesion

Question 83

What is the BURP maneuver of intubation?

Answer 83

Backward, Upward and rightward pressure on the thyroid to realign the box of the larynx relative to the blade and the glottis.

Question 84

What is the diameter of the trachea in the child?

Answer 84

0.5 inches 1 inch in the adult

Question 85

What ligament is cut during a cricothyroidotomy?

Answer 85

The cricothyroid membrane

Question 86

What is the preferred site for a tracheostomy?

Answer 86

2nd ring of the trachea where you don't have to cut through the isthmus of the thyroid.

Question 87

What is the distance from the incisor teeth to the carina?

Answer 87

20cm 15 cm to vocal cords

Question 88

The pituitary gland originates from what structures?

Answer 88

The rathke's pouch and the Infundibulum

Question 89

Inferior thyroid artery is related to which nerve?

Answer 89

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 90

When does the thyroid gland reach it's final position?

Answer 90

The 7th week

Question 91

Where is the most common location of a thyroglossal duct cyst?

Answer 91

midline below the hyoid bone