Agent Used In Anemias & Hematopoietic Growth Factors Flashcards
Oral iron preperations
Ferrous gluconate
Ferrous fumarate
Iron
Ferrous sulfate Ferrous gluconate Ferrous fumarate Iron dextran Iron sucrose complex Sodium ferric gluconate complex
Ferrous gluconate
Ferrous fumarate
Oral iron preperations
Iron dextran
Iron sucrose complex
Sodium ferric gluconate complex
Parenteral preparation; can cause pain, hypersensitivity reactions
Parenteral preparation; can cause pain, hypersensitivity reactions
Iron dextran
Iron sucrose complex
Sodium ferric gluconate complex
Ferrous sulfate
Mechanism of action
Required for biosynthesis of heme and heme-containing proteins, including hemoglobin and myoglobin
Ferrous sulfate
Mechanism of action
Required for biosynthesis of heme and heme-containing proteins, including hemoglobin and myoglobin
Ferrous sulfate
Effects
Adequate supplies required for normal heme synthesis
Deficiency results in inadequate heme production
Adequate supplies required for normal heme synthesis
Deficiency results in inadequate heme production
Ferrous sulfate
Effects
Ferrous sulfate
Clinical applications
Iron deficiency, which manifests as microcytic anemia
Oral preparation
Ferrous sulfate
Effects
Ferrous sulfate
Clinical applications
Ferrous sulfate
Toxicity
Acute overdose results in necrotizing gastroenteritis, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, shock, lethargy, and dyspnea
Chronic iron overload results in hemochromatosis, with damage to the heart, liver, pancreas, and other organs
Orgen failure and death can ensue
Acute overdose results in necrotizing gastroenteritis, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, shock, lethargy, and dyspnea
Chronic iron overload results in hemochromatosis, with damage to the heart, liver, pancreas, and other organs
Orgen failure and death can ensue
Ferrous sulfate
Toxicity
Iron chelators
Deferoxamine
Deferasirox
Deferoxamine
Iron chelator
Deferasirox
Iron chelator
Deferasirox
Usage
Orally administered iron chelator for treatment of hemochromatosis
Orally administered iron chelator for treatment of hemochromatosis
Deferasirox
Usage
Deferoxamine
Mechanism of action
Chelates excess iron
Chelates excess iron
Deferoxamine
Mechanism of action
Deferoxamine
Effects
Reduces toxicity associated with acute or chronic iron overload
Reduces toxicity associated with acute or chronic iron overload
Deferoxamine
Effects
Deferoxamine
Clinical applications
Acute iron poisoning inherited or acquired hemochromatosis
Acute iron poisoning inherited or acquired hemochromatosis
Deferoxamine
Clinical applications
Deferoxamine
Toxicity
Rapid IV administration may cause hypotension
Neurotoxicity and incresed susceptibility to certain infection have occurred with long-term use
Rapid IV administration may cause hypotension
Neurotoxicity and incresed susceptibility to certain infection have occurred with long-term use
Deferoxamine
Toxicity
Vitamin B12
Cyanocobalamin
Hydroxocobalamin
Hydroxocobalamin
Vitamin B12
Cyanocobalamin
Vitamin B12
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Mechanism of action
Cofactor required for essential enzymatic reaction that form tetrahydrofolate, coverts homocysteine to methionine, and metabolize L-methylmalonyl-CoA
Cofactor required for essential enzymatic reaction that form tetrahydrofolate, coverts homocysteine to methionine, and metabolize L-methylmalonyl-CoA
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Mechanism of action
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Effects
Adequate supplies required for amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, and DNA synthesis
Adequate supplies required for amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, and DNA synthesis
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Effects
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Clinical applications
Vitamin B12 deficiency, which manifests as megaloblastic anemia and is the basis for pernicious anemia
Vitamin B12 deficiency, which manifests as megaloblastic anemia and is the basis for pernicious anemia
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Clinical applications
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Toxicity
No toxicity associated with excess
No toxicity associated with excess
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Toxicity
Reference range of vitamin B12
180-914 ng/L
or
150-900 pg/mL
180-914 ng/L
or
150-900 pg/mL
Reference range of vitamin B12
Folic acid
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Folic acid
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Mechanism of action
Precursor of an essential donor for methyl groups used for synthesis of amino acids, purines, and deoxynucleotide
Precursor of an essential donor for methyl groups used for synthesis of amino acids, purines, and deoxynucleotide
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Mechanism of action
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Effects
Adequate supplies required for essential biochemical reactions involving amino acid metabolism, and purine and DNA synthesis
Adequate supplies required for essential biochemical reactions involving amino acid metabolism, and purine and DNA synthesis
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Effects
Erythrocyte-stimulating agents
Epoetin alfa
Darbepoetin alfa
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
Darbepoetin alfa
Erythrocyte-stimulating agent
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
Erythrocyte-stimulating agent
Epoetin alfa
Erythrocyte-stimulating agent
Epoetin alfa
Mechanism of action
Agonist of erythropoietin receptors expressed by red cell progenitors
Agonist of erythropoietin receptors expressed by red cell progenitors
Epoetin alfa
Mechanism of action
Epoetin alfa
Effects
Stimulates erythroid proliferation and differentiation, and induces the release of reticulocytes from bone marrow
Stimulates erythroid proliferation and differentiation, and induces the release of reticulocytes from bone marrow
Epoetin alfa
Effects
Epoetin alfa
Clinical applications
Anemia, especially anemia associated with chronic renal failure, HIV infection, cancer and prematurity
Prevention of the need for transfusion in patients undergoing certain types of elective surgery
Anemia, especially anemia associated with chronic renal failure, HIV infection, cancer and prematurity
Prevention of the need for transfusion in patients undergoing certain types of elective surgery
Epoetin alfa
Clinical applications
Epoetin alfa
Toxicity
Hypertension, thrombotic complications, and very rarely, pure red cell aplasia
Hypertension, thrombotic complications, and very rarely, pure red cell aplasia
Epoetin alfa
Toxicity
