AFDS CBT's Flashcards
What is an FCC?
Flight Control Computer (3 of them)
How many FCCs?
- 1 for each autopilot.
In normal flight (not autoland), if the AP is engaged, how many FCCs are operating?
1
LAND 3 and LAND 2 means_____
LAND 3: 3 autopilots engaged
LAND 2: 2 autopilots engaged
AND the aircraft is properly configured and ready for an autoland (displays at 1500’)
When does HOLD mode become active on takeoff? What does it do?
65 knots airspeed.
It de-energizes the autothrottle servos
Minimum autopilot engagement height
250’
Minimum autopilot use height
Without LAND 2 or LAND 3: 100 RA
Non-precision: 50’ below MDA
Autoland wind limits
Headwind-25
Tailwind-15
Crosswind-25 (Crosswind 15 CAT II/III)
When does LNAV become active on takeoff?
50’
When does autoland information populate on the FMA?
1500’
On the ground when you arm the FD, what pitch is the command bar initially set to?
8 degrees
What will the flight director pitch to on takeoff?
To maintain V2+10 to V2+25
What is the default lateral FD mode?
HDG HOLD
What is the default FD vertical mode?
V/S
How do you engage the autothrottle?
Set AT switch to ARM. Or toggle the arm switch off and back to armed
How do you engage the autothrottle?
Turn the AT switch to armed. Or toggle the switch to off then back to armed.
The autothrottle disconnects when more than _____ engine(s) have failed.
1
Normally for takeoff, you engage the AT by pressing TOGA. What will you see on the Autothrottle portion of the FMA?
THR REF
Let’s say the AT is off. The Thrust portion of the FMA is blank. What modes would you be able to engage the AT by toggling the armed switch from off back to armed?
Any VNAV vertical mode
FLCH SPD Mode
Let’s say the AT is off. The Thrust portion of the FMA is blank. What modes would you be able to engage the AT by pressing the SPD button?
Any “green” vertical mode besides FLCH. So speed on thrust modes that aren’t magenta. (V/S, etc)
Is engine trim equalization available when the autothrottle armed switch is OFF?
No, must be ARMED to get engine trim equalization.
When would the autothrottle disconnect automatically?
-more than 1 engine failed
-thrust reverse lever raised
-fault in A/T Mode is detected
-FMC master selector switched
-both FMC’s fail
What are the 5 auto throttle modes?
-Thrust (THR)
-Thrust Reference (THR REF)
-IDLE
-HOLD
-Speed (SPD)
When would THR (thrust mode) be used?
When in “speed on thrust” (VNAV SPD or FLCH)
Or when TOGA is pressed ONCE for a go-around
When would thrust reference (THR REF) be used?
Normally:
-during takeoff after TOGA is pressed
-TOGA pressed twice on go around
(Also some weird conditions when you press the THR button covered on another Flashcard)
What is SPD Mode?
Speed mode. (Sort of like speed on thrust mode)
What speed protections does the autothrottle provide?
-VMO/MMO
-Flap/slat
-gear
-operating speed limits or thrust limits on EICAS
NOTE: no protections for V/S mode
What does IDLE mode do? When does it engage?
Thrust levers move to IDLE
-engages at 25’ RA
-in idle descent
What does HOLD mode do? When would you use it?
-A/T servos are inhibited
-common during takeoff (65 knots)
-also during descent when in IDLE mode, if you move the thrust levers it will go to HOLD mode until it is changed to another mode by a triggering event such as mode change
When does the armed VNAV mode become active?
400’
What does THR button do?
This is the thrust reference button. It has 2 functions and becomes available to use at 400’ after takeoff to landing.
1.) if in VNAV, FLCH, or TOGA, it changes the FMC ref thrust limit to CLIMB thrust limit ( or to CON thrust limit if one engine inop)
2.) if pressed when in ALT, V/S, or G/S, the thrust mode changes to THR REF and the thrust levers advance to the thrust limit
What does the SPD button do?
If you are in any mode other than FLCH SPD, VNAV, or TOGA, it activates speed mode. (The auto throttles maintain IAS/Mach)
When does IAS switch to MACH?
About .84 Mach
When does MACH switch to IAS?
About 310 knots
Minimum selectable airspeed / Mach?
Maximum?
100 knots to 399 knots
.40 Mach to .95 Mach
What is speed intervention?
A feature of VNAV only. In VNAV the thrust is managed by the FMC. Speed intervention is where you can temporarily override this speed
On an approach, when does TOGA mode arm?
When you select any flaps
Or
Glideslope capture
For autoland, you are in LOC and G/S mode like a regular ILS, but at 1500’ what becomes armed?
ROLLOUT and FLARE
If land3 or land2 are not established by _____ feet, you get a NO AUTOLAND message
600’
On autoland, for crosswinds more than ___ degrees of crab, a side slip of ____ degrees is established to help reduce the crab angle.
10 degrees (crab)
5 degrees (side slip)
When does ROLLOUT become active?
On an autoland, at 5 RA
The FMC uses a ____ knot margin to minimize the chance of an underspeed or overspeed condition.
5
Do you have stall protection in V/S mode?
No
Do you have stall protection in an engine out condition above engine out altitude?
No
If the TOGA switch is not pushed below ____ knots, A/T operation is inhibited until reaching ____ feet radar altitude.
50 ; 400
When is TO/GA mode armed on approach?
The TO/GA mode automatically arms for Go Around (GA) when:
-Flaps are extended from UP in flight
OR
-The glideslope is captured
—Whichever comes first
NOTE: No white annunciation that it is armed
On a go around, you press the TOGA button, what does the aircraft fly laterally?
The ground track at the moment the switch was pressed.
On a go around, what does pressing the TOGA switch do in regard to thrust? What about a second push?
First: Commands thrust mode THR
Second: Commands thrust mode THR REF (more thrust)
What conditions must exist for LNAV to capture?
· The aircraft is 50 feet or above the takeoff runway elevation
And
· When the aircraft is within 2.5 NM of the active leg.
In AUTO mode, HDG SEL had bank protections. What are they?
The AUTO position limits the bank between 15 and 25 degrees depending on True Airspeed (TAS), flap position, and V2.
The default roll mode is ATT. It behaves differently depending on bank angle. What are these bank angles?
-Less than 5 degrees: rolls to wings level
-5 to 30 degrees: Holds current bank
-Greater than 30: rolls to 30 degrees bank
ROLLOUT arms if you are setup for an autoland at 1,500’ AFE. When does it become active?
Below 5’ RA
After takeoff, while in the TO/GA mode, the AFDS commands a pitch attitude less than the pitch limit indicator to maintain:
- V2 + 10
or
-Airspeed at rotation + 10
(Whichever is greater)
On takeoff, if airspeed exceeds target for 5 seconds, the target speed is reset to current airspeed. (limited to _____)
- limited to V2 + 25 knots.
What happens if you press TOGA on takeoff before reaching climb thrust mode?
The push of a TO/GA switch will cause the takeoff derated power to be removed and full power will be applied.
During a go around, what airspeed does the aircraft pitch for?
If FD or AP is engaged:
The higher of the current value in the IAS/MACH window or the current airspeed. If the airspeed increases and remains greater than the initial target speed for 5 seconds, the target airspeed resets to a maximum of the IAS/MACH window speed +25 knots.
If FD or AP disengaged: Fixed 2,000 FPM climb rate
How do you get out of TOGA mode?
The TO/GA mode is terminated by manually selecting any roll or pitch mode, or if VNAV or LNAV was armed for takeoff, TO/GA will terminate when either of them becomes active.
On takeoff and VNAV is armed, when does it engage?
At 400’
When is VNAV SPD mode used?
In climb, or descent prior to TOD. It maintains the climb or descent speed setting in the FMC.
What does VNAV PTH do?
Follows the path in the descent, maintains descent speed. It is also the active mode in cruise. (Equivalent to magenta ALT on Embraer)
What is VNAV ALT?
VNAV ALT activates when a conflict occurs between the VNAV profile and the MCP altitude.
The mode causes the aircraft to level off and the active pitch mode becomes VNAV ALT.
Is FLCH an FMC mode?
No. It is only a “green” mode. There is no magenta FLCH. (sort of).
There actually is, but its called VNAV SPD and is not activated using the FLCH button.
FLARE is armed during an autoland at 1,500’ RA. When does it become active?
Between 60-40’ RA.
When you are on the ground and first turn your FD on, what is the initial takeoff pitch?
8 degrees.
Where does the AFDS source the V2 speed from?
Whatever is selected in the IAS/MACH speed window.
On takeoff, the barometric altitude is recorded at 100 knots. Why is this?
Barometric altitude is recorded and used as
takeoff altitude reference for MCP:
- roll mode activation (LNAV at 50’),
- pitch mode activation (VNAV at 400’),
- A/T mode activation (above 400’), and
- acceleration and thrust as selected.
