Acid-Controlling Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

The parietal cells of the stomach secrete?

A

Hydrochloric acid

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2
Q

what is the primary site of action for acid-controlling drugs?

A

parietal cells

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3
Q

ECL cells

A

secrete histamine and stimulate parietal cells

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4
Q

What is the pH of the stomach?

A

1-2

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5
Q

Which bacteria could cause ulcers?

A

H. pylori

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6
Q

What is the prototype of H2 antagonists?

A

Cimetidine

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7
Q

Cimetidine inhibits..?

A

liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Therefore affects metabolism of other drugs causing increased drug levels

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8
Q

Cimetidine is used cautiously in people with?

A

impaired renal or liver function and patients who are confused, elderly or disoriented.

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9
Q

Cimetidine should be taken?

A

1 hour before or after antacids

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10
Q

PPIs inhibit?

A

the pump that moves hydrogen into the stomach lumen

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11
Q

Is the action of PPIs reversible or irreversible?

A

irreversible

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12
Q

what is the prototype of PPIs?

A

Omeprazole

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13
Q

Omeprazole can cause increased bleeding when taken with?

A

Warfarin

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14
Q

Omeprazole is enteric coated which means it should not be?

A

crushed, opened, or chewed

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15
Q

Antacids do not..?

A

prevent acid production, but simply neutralize acid

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16
Q

Aluminum hydroxide can often cause?

A

constipation

17
Q

Magnesium salts commonly cause?

18
Q

Magnesium salts are dangerous when used with?

A

renal failure

19
Q

Calcium salts may cause?

A

constipation

20
Q

TUMS are?

A

Calcium salts

21
Q

Sodium bicarbonate has a?

A

short duration of action

22
Q

Clients with HF or hypertension should?

A

use low-sodium antacids

23
Q

Sucralfate is a?

A

cytoprotective agent

24
Q

Sucralfate can only work in?

A

Low pH environments, therefore it needs to be taken before antacids

25
Misoprostol cannot be used in?
pregnancy
26
Main indication of PPIs?
short term treatment of active duodenal ulcers and benign gastric ulcers
27
Most medications should be given ______ after giving an antacid?
1-2 hours
28
Antacids may cause premature dissolving of?
enteric coated tablets
29
Administer antacids with at least?
240 mL of water to ensure dispersion
30
Misoprostol is a synthetic..?
prostaglandin
31
Cytoprotective activity of prostaglandins?
production of mucus and bicarbonate