A26

Question 1

Lymphcenters of the abdomen

Answer 1

1. Lc. lumbale
2. Lc. celiacum
3. Lc. mesentericum cranialie
4. Lc. mesentericum caudale

Question 2

Tasks of the abdomnial lymphnodes

Answer 2

they get drained by sveral groups along the aorta and is found close to organs

they drain the areas close to the odd arteries of aorta abdomnialis, the efferent vessels of these centres converge to form the chyle cisterns

Question 3

Lc. lumbale, parietal

Answer 3

Lnn. lumbales aortici

• Ø ca
• on either side of the aorta, between the trasnverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
• Ru: sometimes have hemal nodes in this area

Ln. lumbales

• inconstant
• afferent lymph vessles from the abdomnial roof and from the efferent vessels of more caudally located lymph nodes
• recieved by the chyle cistern or also know as cisterna chyli

Ln. renalis

• drains the kidneys
• importnat that these are not confused with the adrenal gland

Question 4

Lc. celiacum, visceral

Answer 4

efferent vessels forms the celiac lymphatic trunk, a branch of the cisterna chyli

Ln. hepaticus

• lies at the porta hepatis

Ln. gastricus

• lies at the curvatura minor

Ln. lienalis

• at the hilus

Ln. omentalis

• Only in Eq, continuation of the lienalis

Question 5

Lc. celiacum in ruminents

Answer 5

Ln. ruminales

Ln. reticularis

Ln. omasalis

Ln. abomasalis

Question 6

Lc. mesentericum craniale, visceral

Answer 6

drains the small intestines and the large intestine (transverse colon)

efferent vessels converge to form the cranial mesenteric trunk, unites with the caudal mesenteric trunk in the intestinal trunk before it joins the chyle cistern

Ln. pancreaticoduodenalis

• lies between the pancreas and duodenun

Ln. jejuneum

• Eq + Ca: the lymphnodes are big and high up in the jejunum
• Ru + Su: smaller and further down on the jejunum

Ln. cecalis

• Follows tha a. cecalis
• Eq: lies within the haustra

Ln. colicus

• a. colica media

Question 7

Lc. mesentericum caudale

Answer 7

Ln. mesentericum caudale

• descending colon
• efferent vessels from the caudal mesenteric trunk

Question 8

Lymph centers of the pelvic cavity and the pelvic limb

Answer 8

1. Lc. iliosacrale
2. lc. iliofemorale
3. lc. inguinofemorale
4. lc. ischidicum
5. lc. popliteum

Question 9

Lc. iliosacrale

Answer 9

Lnn. iliaci medialies

• only in dog
• main group
• lies by the end of the abdomnial aorta, by the circumflex ilium profunda
• secondary filtration center, efferent lymph from other lymph nodes of the pelvic viscera and the hindlimb flow
• tumors often occur here
• gives the origin to the lumbar trunks which opens into chyle cistern

Lnn. iliaci lateralis

• ø Ca
• incosistent in the other domestic mammals
• found at the bifurcation of the deep circumflexialac artery

Lnn. hypogastrici

• deep in the pelvis
• internal iliac artery

Lnn. sacrales

• ventral to the sacrum

Lnn. anorectales

• lateral to the rectum

Ln. subiliacus

• close to the deep circumflex iliac

Question 10

Lc. iliofemorale

Answer 10

recieves efferent lymph vessels from the superficial inguinal nodes in the cat and from the popliteal in the horse. Their efferent vessels drain to the medial iliac nodes

Ln. inguinalis profundus

• just above the inguinal triangle

Ln. femoralis

• in the cat and horse
• inconsistent
• lies at the tip of the femoral triangle
• covered by sartorius
• lies close to the femoral and saphenal veins

Question 11

Lc. inguinofemorale

Answer 11

inguinale superficiale

Drains the flank, caudoventral part of the abdomnial wall, scrotum and the mammary glands

lnn. inguinales superficiales

• palpable, subcutaneous (lots of fat in the female)
• constant and important
• difficult to find in fat dogs
• scrotal lymph node or mammary lymphnode

Ln. subiliacus

• not in dogs
• rare in cats

ln. coxalis
* lies close to the tensor facia latae
lnn. fossae paralumbalis
lnn. epigastrici

Question 12

Lc. ischiadicum

Answer 12

not in dogs

recieves lymph from the caudal part of the rump and thigh

fe: efferent lymph nodes from the popliteal node

efferent vessles: drains into the iliosacral lymphnode

Question 13

Lc. popliteum

Answer 13

most distal center of the pelvic limb

lies in the popliteal fossa, caudal to the stifle

connected to the femoral system

drains: distal part of the limb and directs its efferent flow to the medial iliac center except in the horse where it passes to the deep inguinal nodes

Ln. popliteus superficialis

• *Ca + sus
• Fe + Ca: easily palpable thorugh the skin
• runs along V. saphena

Ln. politeus profundus

• Eq, ru and su
• lies under bicep femoralis