24B

Question 1

Bones that build up the nasal cavity

Answer 1

Roof: dorsum nasi, frontal and nasal bones

Walls: lacrimal, zygomatic, maxilla and incisive

Floor: palatine, maxilla and incisive

Question 2

vestibulum nasi

Answer 2

rostral portion of the cavum nasi

Question 3

Nostrils and limen nasi

Answer 3

nostrils: opening, surrounding the nasal vestibule

limen nasi: border of transition between the different epithelial tissue between the vestibulum and the respiratory mucosa

Question 4

Cava nasi

Answer 4

• extends from the nostrils until the cribriform plate
• choanae is the opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx
• divided by septum nasi, with cartilago septi nasi
  
  • increases the respiratory surfaca, olfactory sense area

Question 5

Conchal system

Answer 5

Concha nasalis dorsalis - longest, attaches to crista ethmoidales

• endoturbinate I
  
  • longest and most dorsal
  • extends furthest into the nasal cavity
  • forms the osseous base of the concha nasalis dorsalis
• Endoturbinate II
  
  • forms the bony part of concha nasalis media

Question 6

Interspecies differences concerning conchae

Answer 6

Ca: middle portion forms a recess

Su + Ru: caudal 2/3 forms the sinus conchalis dorsalis

Eq: entire dorsal concha is coiled toward the middle nasal meatus and is divided by a septum forming a rostral and dorsal part

• rostral: recess + bulla
• caudal: sinus conchofrontalis (sinus conchalis dorsalis + sinus frontalis)

Question 7

Concha nasalis media

Answer 7

formed by endoturbinates and wedged between the dorsal ad caudl ventral conchae and the ethmoidal concha

Ca: long

Su: small

Ru + Eq: forms sinus conchalis medius

Question 8

Concha nasalis ventralis

Answer 8

part of maxilla, crista conchalis

Ca: many small recesses

Su: ventral coils into a recess rostrally and sinus conchalis ventralis caudally

Ru: forms sinus conchalis ventralis

Eq: similar to dorsal concha, coils toward the middle meatus and divides into rostral and caudal part by septum. and the caudal part forms the sinus conchalis ventralis

Question 9

Concha ethmoidlais

Answer 9

formed by the ethmoid bone, many turbins wil form a labyrynth in the caudal end of the nasal cavity right in front of the cribriform plate

Question 10

meatus nasi

Answer 10

created by the division of the conchaes

1. meatus nasi dorsalis
   
   • channels air to olfactory mucosa
2. meatus nasi medius
   
   • communicates with all the other meatuses
3. meatus nasi ventralis
   
   • leads the airflow into the pharynx

Question 11

organum vomeronasale

Answer 11

tubular organ of special sense. it lies on the floow of the nasal cavity right next to the septum. extends from fissura palatina to the transverse plane.

detection of phermones in urine, flehmen reaction

Question 12

ductus incisivus

Answer 12

paired tube on the floow of the nasal cavityconnects the nasal cavity with the oral cavity

nasal opening hidden in the ventral meatus at the level of the canine tooth

oral opening of the duct is on the incisive papilla

Eq: duct does not open into oral cavity but ends blindely under the oral epithelium

Question 13

Glands

Answer 13

gll. olfactoria - seromucous
gll. nasales - tubuloalveolar, mixed
gl. nasalis lateralis (øRu) - serous, opens into the maxillary sinus&recess in Su + Ca and in the nostrils in Ew

Question 14

Blood supply (arteries)

Answer 14

Plexi vascularis??

A. Maxillaris

1. A. Palentina descendens
   
   1. A. Sphenopaletina
      
      1. A. Nasalis caudales
      2. A. Nasalis laterales
      3. A. Nasalis septales
   2. A. Palatine major ( hard palate + ventral nasal meatus)

Question 15

Innervation

Answer 15

N. olfactorius (I)

• n. vomeronasalis - ends in bulbus olfactorius accesorius