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1 - PBS2 > 92 - Hip and Thigh Bones > Flashcards

92 - Hip and Thigh Bones Flashcards

1
Q

Location of iliac fossa

A

Internal portion of ilium

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2
Q

Spines of iliac

A

Superior and inferior posterior and anterior spines

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3
Q

Three lines projecting from posterior, anterior and inferior on lateral surface of ilium

A

Posterior, anterior and inferior gluteal lines, where gluteal muscles attach

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4
Q

Muscle originating on smooth anterior surface of femur

A

Vastus medius

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5
Q

Location of intertrochanteric line

A

Anterior on superior femur, between greater and lesser trochanters

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6
Q

Spiral line

A

From lesser trochanter, and joins to medial lip of the linear aspera, then to medial supracondylar ridge

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7
Q

Location of gluteal tubercle

A

Posterior side of femur, inferior to greater trochanter

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8
Q

Does the anterior or posterior surface of the femur have more muscle attachments?

A

Posterior

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9
Q

Where does gluteus maximus originate?

A

Between posterior gluteal line and sacrum

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10
Q

Deep fascia of thigh

A

Fascia lata surrounds thigh.

Thickens laterally to form iliotibial band.

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11
Q

Compartments of thigh

A

Anterior (largest)
Posterior
Medial
Divided by medial, lateral and posterior septa

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12
Q

Contents of anterior thigh compartment

A

Hip flexors, knee extensors

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13
Q

Contents of posterior thigh compartment

A

Hip extensors, knee flexors

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14
Q

Contents of medial thigh compartment

A

Hip adductors

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15
Q

In which compartment is the femoral artery?

A

Anterior compartment

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16
Q

Innervation of anterior compartment

A

Femoral nerve

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17
Q

Innervation of posterior compartment

A

Sciatic nerve

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18
Q

Innervation of medial compartment

A

Obturator nerve

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19
Q

Innervation of gluteal compartment (above gluteal tuberosity of femur)

A

Gluteal nerve

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20
Q

Regions of the leg

A

Look at ‘leg regions’ picture

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21
Q

Attachment and origin of sartorius

A

Originates at lateral pelvis, attaches to medial knee (to tibia, on pes anserinus)

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22
Q

Most powerful hip flexor

A

Iliopsoas (made up of fusion of iliacus and psoas major)

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23
Q

Origin of psoas major

A

L1-L5 vertebral bodies

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24
Q

Origin of iliacus

A

Iliac fossa

25
Q

Relevance of arches between psoas major and the vertebral bodies to which it attaches

A

Form tunnels for nerves arising from the lumbar spine

26
Q

Insertion of iliopsoas

A

Traction epiphysis on lesser trochanter of femur

27
Q

Non communicating bursa of the hip joint, anteriorly

A

Between inssrtion of iliopsoas and hip joint capsule.

28
Q

Effect on spine of psoas major contraction

A

Generates compressive forces on lumbar spine, and shear forces on L5/S1, because of angle

29
Q

Tendon attachments at the pes anserinus

1-4

A 
Sartorius
Gracilis
Bursa
Semitendinosus 
(say grace before tea)
30
Q

Two muscles of anterior compartment that aren’t quadriceps

A

Sartorius and pectineus

31
Q

Pectineus origin and insterion

A

Originates on publis, inserts below lesser trochanter

32
Q

Innervation of pectineus

A

Femoral and obturator nerves

33
Q

Four heads of quadriceps

A

Rectus femoris (originates from anterior), vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius (all originate on femur)

34
Q

Quadricept muscle that can both extend knee, flex hip

A

Rectus femoris

35
Q

Origin and insertion of vastus medialis and lateralis

A

Vastus medialis originates on medial lip of linea aspera and intertrochanteric line.

Vastus lateralis originates on lateral lip of linea aspera and the gluteal tuberosity

Insert into the patella, and to the tibia via the patellar tendon.

36
Q

Vastus medialis oblique

A

Oblique fibres of vastus medialis, which pull patella medially.

37
Q

Articularis genu

A

Lies in anterior thigh compartment, deep to rectus femoris

38
Q

Patellar ligament

A

Links patella and tibia

39
Q

Adductor muscles

1-5

A

Gracilis
Adductor longus, brevis, magnus
Obturator externus

40
Q

Origin and attachment of gracilis

A

Originates at pubis.

Inserts at pes answerinus

41
Q

Order of adductor muscles in thigh.

A

Adductor longus is most anterior.
Adductor brevis is middle.
Adductor magnus is most posterior.

42
Q

Origin and insertion of adductor magnus

A

Originates at pubis and ischial crest.
Inserts to femur, above knee joint (medial)
Has a gap, which allows vessels to travel between anterior compartment and popliteal fossa

43
Q

Location of obturator externus

A

Deep to adductor magnus

44
Q

Location of tensor fascia lata

A

Originates on iliac spine.

Attaches to iliotibial band

45
Q

Role of tensor fascia lata
1
2
3

A

Extensor at knee.
Maintains tension in iliotibial band.
Relieves femur of some weight-bearing forces

46
Q

Name for gait from damage to gluteus medius and minimus

A

Trendellenberg gait

47
Q

Attachment of gluteus maximus

A

Attaches to iliotibial band and gluteal tuberosity

48
Q

Insertion of gluteus medius and minimus

A

Greater trochanter of femur

49
Q

Short muscles that run in line with femoral neck

A

Lateral rotators.

Act as stabilisers.

50
Q

Key prime movers in hip external rotation

A

Piriformus and obturator internus (originate at pelvis, get innervation from pelvis)

51
Q

Key landmark to gluteal region

A

Piriformis (sciatic nerve, inferior gluteal nerve and artery emerge below it, superior gluteal nerve and artery emerge above it)

52
Q

Muscles of hamstrings

1-3

A
  • Biceps femoris (inferomedial)
  • Semitendinosus (inferomedial)
  • Semimembranosus (posterolateral)
53
Q

Semitendinosus location

A

Superficial to semitendinosus

54
Q

Heads of biceps femoris

A

Long head (crosses the knee) and short head (doesn’t cross the knee).

55
Q

Origins of hamstring muscles

A

Biceps femoris and semitendinosus insert inferomedial hip.

Semimembranosis inserts into posterolateral hip

56
Q

Attachment of semimembranosus

A

Oblique popliteal ligament attaches to femur.

Rest inserts to posterior tibia (medial)

57
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus

A

Inserts to medial tibia, below semimembranosus

58
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris

A

Inserts into fibula (lateral)

1 - PBS2 (96 decks)

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