7.4 Earthquakes

Question 1

Earthquake

Answer 1

A violent shaking of Earth’s crust caused by a rapid release of energy.

Question 2

Elastic rebound

Answer 2

The sudden release of stored energy in rocks which results in movement along a fault.

Question 3

Epi-center

Answer 3

The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.

Question 4

Fault scarp

Answer 4

A small cliff on Earth’s surface caused by vertical movement along a fault.

Question 5

Focus

Answer 5

The point beneath Earth’s surface where an earthquake originates.

Question 6

Magnitude

Answer 6

A measure of the amount of energy released by an earthquake.

Question 7

P wave

Answer 7

A seismic wave that causes particles in Earth’s crust to move back and forth in the same direction that the wave is traveling.

Question 8

S wave

Answer 8

A seismic wave that causes particles in rocks to move up and down at a right angle to the direction the wave is traveling.

Question 9

Seismic wave

Answer 9

A wave that transmits energy through Earth’s interior.

Question 10

Seismology

Answer 10

The study of earthquakes.

Question 11

Seismometer

Answer 11

An instrument used to measure earthquake intensity.

Question 12

Surface wave

Answer 12

A seismic wave that travels along Earth’s surface rather than through Earth’s interior.