4.2 Minerals

Question 1

Alteration

Answer 1

The process by which a mineral is transformed from one mineral to another by the addition or subtraction of elements.

Question 2

Carbonate

Answer 2

A mineral group defined by having carbonate (CO₃) in their chemical formulas.

Question 3

Gem

Answer 3

A rare mineral highly valued for its exceptional beauty. Also called gemstone.

Question 4

Halide

Answer 4

A mineral group defined by having an element from Group 17 of the PTE (F, Cl, or Br) in their chemical formulas

Question 5

Lava

Answer 5

Molten rock after it comes out of Earth at a volcano.

Question 6

Magma

Answer 6

Molten rock inside Earth.

Question 7

Mineral

Answer 7

A naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition.

Question 8

Native element

Answer 8

A mineral group with minerals composed of only one element, such as sulfur (S) or gold (Au).

Question 9

Oxide

Answer 9

A mineral group defined by having oxygen (O) in their chemical formulas, but not in the form of CO₃ or SO₄.

Question 10

Rock

Answer 10

A solid mixture of one or more minerals.

Question 11

Silicate

Answer 11

A mineral group defined by having silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) in their chemical formulas.

Question 12

Sulfate

Answer 12

A mineral group defined by having sulfate (SO₄) in their chemical formulas.

Question 13

Sulfide

Answer 13

A mineral group defined by having sulfur (S) in their chemical formulas, but not oxygen.