6.5 Mountains

Question 1

Anticline

Answer 1

A fold where rock layers slope away from the central axis of the fold, usually looking somewhat like an upside-down “U”.

Question 2

Fault

Answer 2

A break in rocks where movement has occurred.

Question 3

Fault-block mountain

Answer 3

A mountain or mountain range formed when faulting causes large blocks of Earth’s crust to either rise or sink relative to one another, usually along normal faults.

Question 4

Fold

Answer 4

A bend in a rock layer.

Question 5

Graben

Answer 5

A large block of Earth’s crust that has been downthrown during the formation of fault-block mountains.

Question 6

Horst

Answer 6

A large block of Earth’s crust that has been uplifted during the formation of fault-block mountains.

Question 7

Monocline

Answer 7

A fold that is like a step with horizontal rocks on either side of the fold.

Question 8

Normal fault

Answer 8

A fault in which the rock above the fault moves down relative to the rock below the fault.

Question 9

Reverse fault

Answer 9

A fault in which the rock above the fault moves upwards relative to the rock below the fault.

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

Force applied on rock or other material that has the potential to change the shape of the material.

Question 11

Strike-slip fault

Answer 11

A fault that is close to vertical in Earth’s crust and which has movement that is horizontal rather than vertical.

Question 12

Syncline

Answer 12

A fold where rock layers slope towards the central axis of the fold, with layers looking like a right-side-up “U”.

Question 13

Thrust fault

Answer 13

A reverse fault which has a low angle to a horizontal plane, resulting in one slab of rock moving over deeper rocks.