6.5 Viruses in Microbiology II Flashcards
What is polio also known as?
poliomyelitis
What is a general description of polio virus?
single-stranded, non-enveloped RNA virus
What family of viruses does polio belong to?
pcionaviridae
What is considered the most significant small virus?
polio
Where does polio infect?
CNS/motor neurons
How does polio damage the CNS?
temporary or permanent paralysis of motor neurons in spinal cord and brainstem
When was the polio vaccine introduced?
1955
What does the oral polio vaccine contain?
live but weakened (attenuated) virus
Which provides higher immune protection: IPV or OPV?
IPV
What is the family of viruses for the flu?
orthomyxoviridae
What are the three common subtypes of the flu?
A, B, and C
What is the general description of influenza?
segmented, single stranded, enveloped, RNA virus
What are the most pathogenic of the influenza strand?
influenza A
What are the two key glycoproteins that the influenza viral envelope contains?
hemagglutins (HA) and neuraminidase (N)
What are hemagglutins?
heavily involved in the entry of the flu virus into a host cell
What are neuraminidase?
involved in budding and released of new viral influenza particles from host cell
What are the common drug targets for the influenza therapeutic intervention?
HA and N
How do we typically name influenza viruses?
based on which HA and N variant is expressed on the envelope
What strain is responsible for the Asian flu epidemic in 1957?
H2N2
Why cant the flu vaccine vaccinate against all flu strains?
too many variations on the HA and Ns that can be present
