2.2 Glucose Metabolism

Question 1

What is one of the most abundant biomolecules?

Answer 1

glucose

Question 2

What does the complete catabolism of a single molecule of glucose yield in regards to ATP?

Answer 2

38

Question 3

How many ATP are formed from glycolysis?

Answer 3

2

Question 4

How many ATPs are formed through fermentation?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

How many ATP are made from respiration?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

How many ATP are made from the electron transport chain?

Answer 6

34

Question 7

What are the three main steps for the formation of ATP from glucose?

Answer 7

glycolysis
respiration or fermentation
ETC/oxidative phosphoylation

Question 8

What does glycolysis begin with?

Answer 8

breakdown of a single glucose molecule

Question 9

What are reactants?

Answer 9

any molecules present and involved at the beginning of a chemical reaction

Question 10

Where are the reactants located when writing a chemical equation?

Answer 10

to the left of the reaction arrow

Question 11

What are the reactants for the beginning of glycolysis?

Answer 11

glucose
2NAD
2 ATP

Question 12

What is the essential step to initiate glycolysis?

Answer 12

phosphorylation of glucose forming G6P

Question 13

What does making G6P do?

Answer 13

prevents glucose from diffusing out of the cell and serves as a signal molecule that glycolysis is about to begin

Question 14

What are the products of the glycolysis reaction?

Answer 14

2 pyruvate
2NADH
2 ATP
2H

Question 15

Where are the products written in a chemical equation?

Answer 15

to the right of the reaction arrow

Question 16

What are the two main strategies utilized by cells to replenish the supply of NAD+ that were used in glycolysis?

Answer 16

fermentation
respiration

Question 17

When does fermentation occur?

Answer 17

in the absence of oxygen = anaerobic conditions

Question 18

What is the general overview of fermentation?

Answer 18

NADH is converted back to NAD+ and pyruvate is converted to a waste byproduct

Question 19

What are the products commonly formed during fermentation?

Answer 19

lactic acid
ethanol

Question 20

When does respiration occur?

Answer 20

aerobic conditions = presence of oxygen