2.5 Additional Enzymatic Reactions Flashcards
What is functional equilibrium?
must operate within the bounds of their limitations
What is the function of enzymes?
to accelerate biochemical reactions
Why can enzymes be readily detected in the lab and are useful in various diagnostic tests?
they are not consumed or destroyed during the chemical reaction
What is homeostasis?
optimal level of activity for a stable environment
How are enzymes often named?
based on its substrate
What is the normal suffix for enzymes?
-ase
What are proteases?
enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of proteins
When are proteases essential?
when we eat to breakdown protein consumed
What are catalase?
enzymes that accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
What is the chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide?
H2O2
What would occur without catalase?
cell would be unprotected from oxidative damage caused by ROSes
What are lipases?
enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of lipids
What are the six major categories of enzymes?
hydrolases
isomerases
ligases
lyases
oxireductases
transferases
What are hydrolases?
catalyze hydrolysis which is the cleavage of chemical bonds by the addition of water
What are isomerases?
promote intramolecular rearrangements by altering bonds within the same molecule producing a different molecule with the same molecular formula
