1.4 Macromolecules

Question 1

What is a cell?

Answer 1

smallest, most basic biological unit of life

Question 2

What are all cells comprised of?

Answer 2

macromolecules

Question 3

What are macromolecules?

Answer 3

complex molecules that are made up of smaller subunits

Question 4

What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells?

Answer 4

proteins
nucleic acids
lipids
carbohydrates

Question 5

What are proteins?

Answer 5

polymers of amino acids

Question 6

What is the most abundant macromolecule?

Answer 6

protein

Question 7

What are some functions of proteins?

Answer 7

enzymes
movement of materials
structure

Question 8

How many amino acids are there?

Answer 8

20

Question 9

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 9

amino acid sequence

Question 10

What is the largest known protein?

Answer 10

titin

Question 11

How many amino acids are in titin?

Answer 11

33,000

Question 12

How many essential amino acids are there?

Answer 12

9

Question 13

What are nucleic acids?

Answer 13

chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell

Question 14

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

Answer 14

RNA
DNA

Question 15

What is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms?

Answer 15

DNA

Question 16

What is RNA responsible for?

Answer 16

deciphering the heritaable information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins

Question 17

Which nucleic acid can leave the nucleus?

Answer 17

RNA

Question 18

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Answer 18

nucleotides

Question 19

What are the parts of the nucleotide?

Answer 19

nitrogenous base
sugar
phosphate group

Question 20

What are the four nitrogenous bases?

Answer 20

A
T
G
C