6.4 Viruses in Microbiology I Flashcards
What are the two types of immunity?
active immunity
passive immunity
What does active immunity result from?
when the body is exposed to a disease or antigen and the immune system produces antibodies to fight the infection
How is active immunity acquired?
naturally or via vaccine
What is active immunity also referred to as?
natural immunity
What is artificial immunity?
vaccine induced immunity when an antigen is introduced via vaccination
How is passive immunity acquired?
when someone receives antibodies to fight the infection without their own immune system developing them
When does passive immunity occur?
when a newborn acquires antibodies from breast milk or placenta OR when an individual is injected with antibodies
What are the three main types of vaccinations?
microbe subunit vaccines
nucleic acids vaccines
whole microbe vaccines
What is rubella also known as?
German measles
What is a description of the rubella virus?
linear, single stranded, enveloped RNA virus
What is the family that contains rubella virus?
togaviridae
How is rubella transmitted?
airborne particles
When is a patient infectious with rubella?
one week before and after the appearance of the rash
Where does the rubella virus replicate?
upper respiratory tract and conjunctiva of the eye
Where does the rubella virus travel after the conjunctiva?
intestinal tract
urinary tract
skin
CNS
