6: AOP - Parks and Rec / Historic Cult Resource

Question 1

The Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) required states to prepare this program to get federal dollars

Answer 1

Outdoor rec plans (SCORPS)

Question 2

First national park & when designated

Answer 2

Yellowstone - 1972

Question 3

National Park Service

Answer 3

Created in 1916 when Woodrow Wilson signed the organic act of 196

Question 4

John Muir

Answer 4

Early advocate for creation of a national parks system. PRESERVATIONIST

Question 5

Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 5

Created 5 national parks
Signed the Antiquities Act in 1906 which created 18 national monuments, including Grand Canyon.

Question 6

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Answer 6

Dramatically improved national parks through the CCC - set up during the depression. FDR also expanded NPS, including civil war battlefields and the lincoln memorial.

Helped create Olympic national park and kings canyon national parks.

**FIRST TIME federal funds were used to purchase park land - Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Question 7

ParkScore

Answer 7

Rating system for the 100 largest U.S. cities, developed by the trust for public land

Question 8

Greenway

Answer 8

Any scenic trail or route set aside for travel or recreational purposes

Question 9

Scenic Resources

Answer 9

Aesthetically pleasing landscape patterns and landscape features that contribute to the distinctness of a community or region.

Question 10

Viewshed

Answer 10

Area visible through a line of site from a location.

Question 11

Wildlife corridor

Answer 11

Linkage that joins two similar wildlife habitats

Question 12

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR)

Answer 12

Allows for the transfer of development rights from an area that is designated for low-density development to an area for planned growth.

A TDR program seeks to preserve landowners’ asset value by moving the right to build a house from a location where development is prohibited to a location where development is encouraged.

Question 13

Sending zone

Answer 13

The environmental protection zone where development rights are separated. It is called a sending zone because the development rights are “sent” out of i

Question 14

Receiving Zone

Answer 14

A zone where a developer buys a right to build more units than currently permitted in the local zoning ordinance. These zones “receive” development rights.

Question 15

The Antiquities Act of 1906

Answer 15

established that archeological sites on public lands are public resources and obligated federal agencies to preserve sites for future generations. Additionally, the law authorizes the president of the United States to protect landmarks, structures, and objects of historic or scientific interest by designating them as National Monuments. For example, in 2016, President Obama designated the Mojave Trails National Monument, which contains 1.6 million acres of ancient lava flows and sand dunes.

Question 16

The Organics Act of 1916

Answer 16

established the National Park Service to manage national parks and national monuments.

Question 17

The Historic Sites Act of 1935

Answer 17

sought to organize federally owned parks, monuments, and historic sites under the National Park Service. It also declared a national policy to preserve historic sites, buildings, and objects of national importance for public use.

Question 18

The Wilderness Act of 1964

Answer 18

created the National Wilderness Preservation System. The act defined wilderness as “an area of undeveloped Federal land retaining its primeval character and influence without permanent improvements or human habitation.” According to the National Park Service, as of 2016, there are more than 106 million acres of federal public lands designated as wilderness.

Question 19

The National Wild and Scenic River Act of 1968

Answer 19

seeks to preserve rivers with outstanding natural, cultural, and recreational values in a free-flowing condition for the enjoyment of current and future generations. Wild and scenic rivers are designated by Congress. As of 2018, the National System protected 12,754 miles on 209 rivers in 40 states and Puerto Rico.

Question 20

Historic District

Answer 20

“[A] geographically definable area, urban or rural, possessing a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united by past events or aesthetically by plan or physical development. A district may also comprise individual elements separated geographically but linked by association or history.”
(defined by National Register of Historic Places)

Question 21

Nation’s first historic district

Answer 21

Charleston, South Carolina - 1931

Question 22

National Register of Historic Places

Answer 22

The U.S. Department of the Interior’s National Park Service oversees the National Register of Historic Places.
The National Register was created in 1966.

To be designated on the National Register, the building, property, or site must have historic significance, as determined by set criteria.

Being on the register:
- Does not protect properties from demolition.
- Allows properties to qualify for federal tax incentives.
- 20% income tax credit avail for rehab of historic, income-producing buildings that are determined by the secretary of the US Dept of Interior through NPS to be “certified historic structures”.

Question 23

National Trust for Historic Preservation

Answer 23

privately funded nonprofit org initially established for the acquisition and admin of historic sites.
Might be best known to planners for its Main Streets program which is now managed by a subsidiary.

Question 24

State and Local Historic Districts

Answer 24

The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 requires that all states have a State Historic Preservation Office. Many state and local governments have their own laws for historic district designation.

Question 25

Main Streets Program

Answer 25

Way to revitalize small town commercial districts.

Established by National Trust for Historic Preservation

Four point approach:
- Organization
- Design
- Promotion
- Economic Restructuring

Question 26

Helpful cultural resources to assess as a historic preservation planner:

Answer 26

Historic districts, buildings, structures, sites, public works, transportation corridors, archaeological sites, heritage areas and corridors, cultural landscapes, objects and related built forms.

Question 27

Which allows access to open space? Conservation easement, easement, right of way.

Answer 27

ALL THE ABOVE.