5.3

Question 1

what is a genus

Answer 1

a group of species that share characteristics

Question 2

what is a species

Answer 2

a group of organisms in the same genus that are able to interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 3

the binomial system

Answer 3

a universal way that allows us to name species

Question 4

give an example of two different species of the same genus

Answer 4

Allium sativum and Allium cepa

Question 5

listen the taxa for classifying eukaryotes

Answer 5

Kingdom 
Phylum 
Class
Order
Family 
Genus 
Species

Question 6

what is the highest level of classification

Answer 6

a domain

Question 7

what were the three classifications of organisms called

Answer 7

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 8

what are the three domains called now

Answer 8

Bacteria,
Archae and
Eukaryote

Question 9

Compare the cell membrane of each domain

Answer 9

Bacteria - glycerol-esters of lipids, D-form of glycerol

Archaea - Glycerol - ether lipids, L-form of glycerol

Eukaryota - Glycerol Esther lipids, D form of glycerol

Question 10

Compare the cell wall of the three domains

Answer 10

Bacteria - Peptidoglycan

Eukaryota - not made up of peptidoglycan, can sometimes be absent

Archaea - not made of peptidoglycan

Question 11

Compare the histones in the three different domains

Answer 11

Bacteria - absent

Archaea - present in some species

Eukaryota - present

Question 12

Give an example of an archaea

Answer 12

methanogenic archaea

Question 13

Give an example of a bacteria

Answer 13

Cyanobacteria, gram positives

Question 14

Give an example of eukaryote

Answer 14

fungi, plants, animals

Question 15

what are archaea

Answer 15

unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and often live in extreme habitats such as hot water springs, deep earth dements but they can also live in less extreme habitats such as the oceans surface.

Question 16

what are the two cell types

Answer 16

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 17

what domains fall part of prokaryotes

Answer 17

bacteria and archaea

Question 18

name the kingdom for bacteria

Answer 18

eubacteria

Question 19

name the kingdom or archaea

Answer 19

archaebacteria

Question 20

name the kingdoms of eukaryote

Answer 20

protocista, fungi, plantae and Animalia

Question 21

what is the cell wall of protocista

Answer 21

chloroplasts or cell walls built of cellulose

Question 22

what is the cell wall of fungi like

Answer 22

cell wall built of chitin

Question 23

what is the cell wall of plantae like

Answer 23

cell walls of cellulose and contain chlorophyplasts

Question 24

what is the cell wall of Animalia

Answer 24

no cell walls or chloroplasts

Question 25

how man cells in eubacteria and archaebacteria

Answer 25

one

Question 26

what is the mode of nutrition for prokaryotes

Answer 26

autotroph or heterotroph

Question 27

what mode of nutrition does fungi use

Answer 27

heterotroph

Question 28

give an example of protocistsa

Answer 28

amoeba

Question 29

what is the best indicator for relatedness

Answer 29

nucleic acids

Question 30

what is a dichotomous key

Answer 30

a series of paired opposing statements which guide the user to the identity of an item or organism

Question 31

what does dichotomy mean

Answer 31

splitting into two or a division into two opposing groups

Question 32

what is vascular tissue

Answer 32

tissue that transports water and sugars throughout the plant

Question 33

what are rhizoids

Answer 33

small root like structures that help bryophytes to attach to the soil

Question 34

what is a xylem

Answer 34

a type of vascular tissue composed of non-living cells that transport water

Question 35

what is phloem

Answer 35

a type of vascular tissue that transports sugars throughout the plant

Question 36

name the four different types of plant phyla

Answer 36

bryophyte, filincophyta, coniferophyta, angiospermophyta

Question 37

describe the structure of each plant phyla

Answer 37

Bryophyta - no roots, leaves or stems filicinophyta - roots, leaves and stems coniferophyta - roots, leaves and stems aangiospermophyta - roots, leaves and stems

Question 38

describe the reproduction of each plant phyla

Answer 38

Bryophyta - via spores filicinophyta - via spores coniferophyta - seeds in cones angiospermophyta - seeds from fruits

Question 39

does viscularisation take place in each plant phyla

Answer 39

Bryophyta - no filicinophyta - yes coniferophyta - yes angiospermophyta - yes

Question 40

features of each plant phyla

Answer 40

Bryophyta - rhizoids as anchors Filicinophyta - pinnate leaves coniferophyta - woody stem angiospermophyta - produces flowers and fruits

Question 41

examples of each plant phyla

Answer 41

Bryophyta - moss Filicinophyta - fern coniferophyta - conifer angiospermophyta - flowering plants

Question 42

name the different phyla of the animal kingdom

Answer 42

``` porifera cnidaria platyhelmintha annelida mollusca arthropoda chordata ```

Question 43

Name the symmetry of each phyla in the animal kingdom

Answer 43

``` porifera - none cnidaria - radial platyhelmintha - bilateral annelida - bilateral mollusca - bilateral arthropoda - bilateral chordata - bilateral ```

Question 44

name the gut openings of each animal phyla

Answer 44

``` porifera - 0 cnidaria - 1 platyhelmintha - 1 annelida - 2 mollusca - 2 arthropoda - 2 chordata - 2 ```

Question 45

name whether the animal phyla have segmentation

Answer 45

``` porifera - none cnidaria - none platyhelmintha - none annelida - yes mollusca - non visible arthropoda - yes chordata - yes ```

Question 46

features of animal phyla

Answer 46

``` porifera - spicules cnidaria - stinging cells platyhelmintha - flattened body annelida - peristalsis for moving mollusca - shell by mantle arthropoda - exoskeleton of chitin chordata - sophisticated digestive system ```

Question 47

examples of each animal phyla

Answer 47

``` porifera - sea sponge cnidaria - corals jellyfish platyhelmintha - tapeworm annelida - leech, earthworm mollusca - octopus, snail, oyster, slug arthropoda - spider, crab, scorpion chordata - fish, fog, whale , human ```

Question 48

what are chordata

Answer 48

a large phylum of animal that includes the vertebrates with tunicates and lancelets

Question 49

name the classes of vertebrates

Answer 49

mammalia aves reptilia amphibia fish

Question 50

name the key characteristic of mammal

Answer 50

``` skin covered in hair or fur skin also has sweat glands habitat on land and in water warm-blooded breathing through lungs ```

Question 51

name the key characteristic of aves

Answer 51

skin covered in feathers, which are waterproof and insulate the body habitat on land most species can fly and some can also swim warm-blooded and lay eggs breathing through lungs

Question 52

name the key characteristics of reptile

Answer 52

``` skin is dry and has scales habitat on land cold-blooded and most species lay eggs breathing through lungs homodont are sharp and cone-shaped ```

Question 53

name the key characteristics of amphibia

Answer 53

skin is exposed and moist habitat on land and in water cold-blooded and lay eggs no external ears

Question 54

name the key characteristics of fish

Answer 54

covered in slimy scales habitat in fresh or sea water, with fins and tails adapted to swimming and balancing cold-blooded and lay eggs breathing through gills