Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > 2.8 > Flashcards

2.8 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the preferred energy source for the brain cells

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the most widely used source of energy in living organisms

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is cellular respiration

A

the gradual and controlled release of energy by breaking down organic compounds to produce ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the Krebs cycle take place

A

in the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation take place

A

in the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three main processes of cellular respiration

A

glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do the three main processes of cellular respiration generate energy

A

in the form of ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is ATP

A

a molecule that carried energy within the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is ATP made of

A

Adenine, ribose, and three phosphates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does glycolysis take place

A

in the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where does the Krebs cycle take place within the mitochondria

A

in the matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is the electron transport chain located within the mitochondria

A

on the inner membrane of the mitochondrial envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is energy produced

A

when ATP is hydrolyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is ADP

A

App without a phosphate, releases 7.3 kcal/mol of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What process is anaerobic

A

glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how does yeast respire

A

anaerobically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does yeast produce when respiring

A

ethanol and Co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the CO2 used for in yeast

A

to make the bread rise and the ethanol is evaporated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the two main types of anaerobic respiration

A

alcoholic and lactic fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do animals produce during anaerobic respiration

A

lactate

21
Q

What is glucose broken down into

A

2 pyruvate, releasing a net 2 ATP

22
Q

What happens overall if there is oxygen after glycolysis

A

it can go and respire aerobically

23
Q

how many more ATP does aerobic respiration create altogether

A

34 ATP

24
Q

what happens after glycolysis if there is no oxygen

A

fermentation

25
Q

fermentation in yeast and plants produces

A

CO2 and ethanol

26
Q

fermentation in animal muscles produces

A

lactate

27
Q

summarise lactic acid fermentation

A

Glucose - lactate + 2 ATP molecules

28
Q

Summarise alcoholic fermentation

A

glucose - ethanol + carbon dioxide + 2ATP molecules

29
Q

What is the net yield of ATP produced by anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A

2 ATP molecules

30
Q

Why is there an increased yield of ATP in aerobic respiration

A

all four steps of cellular respiration are completed

6- carbon glucose is systematically and gradually broken down to 6CO2 molecules an each step converts energy

31
Q

Where does aerobic respiration occur

A

in the cytoplasm and the mitochondria

32
Q

Equation for aerobic respiration

A

Oxygen + glucose ——> carbon dioxide + water + energy

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —–> 6CO2 + 6H2O

33
Q

What are the products of aerobic respiration

A

water and carbon dioxide

34
Q

Which type of respiration produces the most energy?

A

aerobic

35
Q

What is a respirometer

A

a simple apparatus that can measure the rate of respiration

36
Q

What can we measure to indicate the respiration rate

A

the consumption of oxygen

37
Q

what do you put in tube A of a respirometer

A

the organism/ germinating seed is positioned, tap si closed,

38
Q

what happens in the respirometer

A

the organism respires, consuming O2 and producing CO2 and H2o

39
Q

what absorbs the CO2

A

the alkaline solution at the bottom of tube A

40
Q

What is in tube B of the respirometer

A

the control, no O2 or CO2, no living organism is present

41
Q

What connects the two tubes in a respirometer

A

a capillary called a manometer

42
Q

What will the reduction of oxygen in tube A cause

A

a reduction in pressure in tube A and will move the colored liquid in the manometer in the direction of Tube A, providing an indirect measurement of the oxygen consumed

43
Q

What is the alkaline solution that absorbs CO2

A

potassium hydroxide

44
Q

What do you put the respirometer in as a control

A

in a water bath to ensure the temperature does not affect the pressure

45
Q

What is the role of an alkaline solution in the respirometer?

A

to absorbs carbon dioxide

46
Q

Which process occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?

A

glycolysis

47
Q

What are inputs of aerobic respiration

A

oxygen and glucose

48
Q

What type of molecule is glucose

A

organic molecule

Biology (51 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions