2.8

Question 1

What is the preferred energy source for the brain cells

Answer 1

glucose

Question 2

what is the most widely used source of energy in living organisms

Answer 2

glucose

Question 3

What is cellular respiration

Answer 3

the gradual and controlled release of energy by breaking down organic compounds to produce ATP

Question 4

Where does the Krebs cycle take place

Answer 4

in the mitochondria

Question 5

Where does the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation take place

Answer 5

in the mitochondria

Question 6

What are the three main processes of cellular respiration

Answer 6

glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain

Question 7

how do the three main processes of cellular respiration generate energy

Answer 7

in the form of ATP

Question 8

what is ATP

Answer 8

a molecule that carried energy within the cell

Question 9

What is ATP made of

Answer 9

Adenine, ribose, and three phosphates

Question 10

Where does glycolysis take place

Answer 10

in the cytoplasm

Question 11

where does the Krebs cycle take place within the mitochondria

Answer 11

in the matrix

Question 12

where is the electron transport chain located within the mitochondria

Answer 12

on the inner membrane of the mitochondrial envelope

Question 13

how is energy produced

Answer 13

when ATP is hydrolyses

Question 14

What is ADP

Answer 14

App without a phosphate, releases 7.3 kcal/mol of energy

Question 15

What process is anaerobic

Answer 15

glycolysis

Question 16

how does yeast respire

Answer 16

anaerobically

Question 17

What does yeast produce when respiring

Answer 17

ethanol and Co2

Question 18

What is the CO2 used for in yeast

Answer 18

to make the bread rise and the ethanol is evaporated

Question 19

What are the two main types of anaerobic respiration

Answer 19

alcoholic and lactic fermentation

Question 20

What do animals produce during anaerobic respiration

Answer 20

lactate

Question 21

What is glucose broken down into

Answer 21

2 pyruvate, releasing a net 2 ATP

Question 22

What happens overall if there is oxygen after glycolysis

Answer 22

it can go and respire aerobically

Question 23

how many more ATP does aerobic respiration create altogether

Answer 23

34 ATP

Question 24

what happens after glycolysis if there is no oxygen

Answer 24

fermentation

Question 25

fermentation in yeast and plants produces

Answer 25

CO2 and ethanol

Question 26

fermentation in animal muscles produces

Answer 26

lactate

Question 27

summarise lactic acid fermentation

Answer 27

Glucose - lactate + 2 ATP molecules

Question 28

Summarise alcoholic fermentation

Answer 28

glucose - ethanol + carbon dioxide + 2ATP molecules

Question 29

What is the net yield of ATP produced by anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Answer 29

2 ATP molecules

Question 30

Why is there an increased yield of ATP in aerobic respiration

Answer 30

all four steps of cellular respiration are completed 6- carbon glucose is systematically and gradually broken down to 6CO2 molecules an each step converts energy

Question 31

Where does aerobic respiration occur

Answer 31

in the cytoplasm and the mitochondria

Question 32

Equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 32

Oxygen + glucose ------> carbon dioxide + water + energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 -----> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 33

What are the products of aerobic respiration

Answer 33

water and carbon dioxide

Question 34

Which type of respiration produces the most energy?

Answer 34

aerobic

Question 35

What is a respirometer

Answer 35

a simple apparatus that can measure the rate of respiration

Question 36

What can we measure to indicate the respiration rate

Answer 36

the consumption of oxygen

Question 37

what do you put in tube A of a respirometer

Answer 37

the organism/ germinating seed is positioned, tap si closed,

Question 38

what happens in the respirometer

Answer 38

the organism respires, consuming O2 and producing CO2 and H2o

Question 39

what absorbs the CO2

Answer 39

the alkaline solution at the bottom of tube A

Question 40

What is in tube B of the respirometer

Answer 40

the control, no O2 or CO2, no living organism is present

Question 41

What connects the two tubes in a respirometer

Answer 41

a capillary called a manometer

Question 42

What will the reduction of oxygen in tube A cause

Answer 42

a reduction in pressure in tube A and will move the colored liquid in the manometer in the direction of Tube A, providing an indirect measurement of the oxygen consumed

Question 43

What is the alkaline solution that absorbs CO2

Answer 43

potassium hydroxide

Question 44

What do you put the respirometer in as a control

Answer 44

in a water bath to ensure the temperature does not affect the pressure

Question 45

What is the role of an alkaline solution in the respirometer?

Answer 45

to absorbs carbon dioxide

Question 46

Which process occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 46

glycolysis

Question 47

What are inputs of aerobic respiration

Answer 47

oxygen and glucose

Question 48

What type of molecule is glucose

Answer 48

organic molecule