49. Social Psychology II

Question 1

behavior is sharply 1. __________ by the 2. _________ of others

Answer 1

1. determined

2. expectations

Question 2

when moods, behaviors, roles, yawns, actions, etc. are mimicked unconsciously

Answer 2

automatic mimicry

Question 3

experiments have shown that groups w/ 1. ____________ that are told to 2. ____ or 3. _______ a certain way often have their 4. _________ or 5. ________ mimicked

Answer 3

1. placements
2. act
3. behave
4. behaviors
5. grammar

Question 4

psychologists believe this helps us 1. ________ and 2. _________ as a group

Answer 4

1. emphasize

2. function

Question 5

mimicry may be a type of ________

Answer 5

conformity

Question 6

adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard

Answer 6

conformity

Question 7

when 6 people are asked to see which lines match (easy answers) often times one person will chose a wrong answer to see if the other 5 do (told before so)

Answer 7

Asch experiment

Question 8

there is a(n) 1. _________ chance for 2. _________ when groups larger than 3. ___, feel 4. _________ or 5. _________ are in a group if all agree

Answer 8

1. increased
2. conformity
3. three
4. incompetent
5. insecure

Question 9

influenced from person’s desire to gain approval and avoid disapproval

Answer 9

normative social influence

Question 10

accurate – the willingness to accept other’s reality (conformity rates lower in western countries)

Answer 10

informative social influence

Question 11

1. _________ to 2. ________, especially in impersonal situations, also seems to have a 3. ______ impact on peoples’ 4. _______ and 5. ________

Answer 11

1. obedience
2. authority
3. strong
4. conformity
5. behavior

Question 12

one person selected as ‘teacher’ giving words to memorize, one selected as ‘student’ to relate back (answer back)

Answer 12

Milgram Obedience Experiment

Question 13

Milgram Obedience Experiment: punishments for wrong answers led to electric shocks that ranged from ___-____ volts

Answer 13

15-450

Question 14

despite hearing sounds of agony ___ of the teachers in this experiment continued despite saying they would stop if they hear suffering or pain

Answer 14

65%

Question 15

all 1. ________ showed signs of 2. _____, in complying w/ the 3. ________ to continue

Answer 15

1. teachers
2. stress
3. command

Question 16

what were the signs of stress that the teachers experienced (4)

Answer 16

1. trembling
2. biting lip
3. nervous laughing
4. perspiration

Question 17

males and females, all ages 20-50 held _____ continuation percentages

Answer 17

similar

Question 18

Milgram found that the most 1. ________ result was from 2. _______ from a(n) 3. _________ figure (professor from a 4. ________ organization (Stanford)

Answer 18

1. effective
2. commands
3. authority
4. prestigious

Question 19

Milgram: 1. ______ when the patients were 2. ___________ (out of sight)

Answer 19

1. easier

2. dehumanized

Question 20

where British soldiers were told to stay in an orderly line while the ship sank to reduce panic

Answer 20

Birkenhead shipwreck

Question 21

the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in the decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Answer 21

groupthink

Question 22

1. _________: occurs when people 2. _____ to an idea voiced (usually confident) and 3. _____ to 4. ____ alternatives or 5. _______ the proposal

Answer 22

1. groupthink
2. agree
3. fail
4. seek
5. question

Question 23

example of groupthink (1)

Answer 23

JFK and the Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1962 (Cuban Revolution and the CIA involvement)

Question 24

considering what 2 factors can help prevent groupthink?

Answer 24

1. considering the OPTIONS and OPINIONS of others

2. voicing concerns

Question 25

we perform 1. ______ or 2. _____ intensely in the 3. _________ of others

Answer 25

1. better
2. more
3. presence

Question 26

improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others

Answer 26

social-faciliation

Question 27

we also tend to perform better w/ _______ from those waching

Answer 27

support

Question 28

example of performing better w/ people watching

Answer 28

home games

Question 29

opposite of social facilitation: tendency to perform worse or exert less effort in groups

Answer 29

social-loafing

Question 30

____ less force or sound in tug of war or clapping in a group opposed to solo

Answer 30

8%

Question 31

groups impact 1. ________ is when people commit 2. ____ or 3. ________ in ways that they would 4. ____ alone

Answer 31

1. behavior
2. acts
3. behave
4. not

Question 32

groups can also cause one to lose oneself — their self-control or their self-restraint – during group situations

Answer 32

deindividuation

Question 33

examples of groups in deindividuation (3)

Answer 33

1. rioting
2. looting
3. food fights

Question 34

an example of deindividuation in tribes

Answer 34

face paint in tribal warfare

Question 35

an example of deindividuaiton on the internet (2)

Answer 35

1. cyber-bullying

2. trolling

Question 36

the enhancement of a group prevailing inclinations through discussion w/in the group

Answer 36

group polarization

Question 37

example of group polarization in terms of race

Answer 37

studies of racial prejudice persons talking make them more prejudice and vice versa but in an isolated group setting