49. Social Psychology II Flashcards

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1
Q

behavior is sharply 1. __________ by the 2. _________ of others

A
  1. determined

2. expectations

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2
Q

when moods, behaviors, roles, yawns, actions, etc. are mimicked unconsciously

A

automatic mimicry

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3
Q

experiments have shown that groups w/ 1. ____________ that are told to 2. ____ or 3. _______ a certain way often have their 4. _________ or 5. ________ mimicked

A
  1. placements
  2. act
  3. behave
  4. behaviors
  5. grammar
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4
Q

psychologists believe this helps us 1. ________ and 2. _________ as a group

A
  1. emphasize

2. function

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5
Q

mimicry may be a type of ________

A

conformity

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6
Q

adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard

A

conformity

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7
Q

when 6 people are asked to see which lines match (easy answers) often times one person will chose a wrong answer to see if the other 5 do (told before so)

A

Asch experiment

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8
Q

there is a(n) 1. _________ chance for 2. _________ when groups larger than 3. ___, feel 4. _________ or 5. _________ are in a group if all agree

A
  1. increased
  2. conformity
  3. three
  4. incompetent
  5. insecure
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9
Q

influenced from person’s desire to gain approval and avoid disapproval

A

normative social influence

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10
Q

accurate – the willingness to accept other’s reality (conformity rates lower in western countries)

A

informative social influence

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11
Q
  1. _________ to 2. ________, especially in impersonal situations, also seems to have a 3. ______ impact on peoples’ 4. _______ and 5. ________
A
  1. obedience
  2. authority
  3. strong
  4. conformity
  5. behavior
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12
Q

one person selected as ‘teacher’ giving words to memorize, one selected as ‘student’ to relate back (answer back)

A

Milgram Obedience Experiment

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13
Q

Milgram Obedience Experiment: punishments for wrong answers led to electric shocks that ranged from ___-____ volts

A

15-450

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14
Q

despite hearing sounds of agony ___ of the teachers in this experiment continued despite saying they would stop if they hear suffering or pain

A

65%

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15
Q

all 1. ________ showed signs of 2. _____, in complying w/ the 3. ________ to continue

A
  1. teachers
  2. stress
  3. command
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16
Q

what were the signs of stress that the teachers experienced (4)

A
  1. trembling
  2. biting lip
  3. nervous laughing
  4. perspiration
17
Q

males and females, all ages 20-50 held _____ continuation percentages

A

similar

18
Q

Milgram found that the most 1. ________ result was from 2. _______ from a(n) 3. _________ figure (professor from a 4. ________ organization (Stanford)

A
  1. effective
  2. commands
  3. authority
  4. prestigious
19
Q

Milgram: 1. ______ when the patients were 2. ___________ (out of sight)

A
  1. easier

2. dehumanized

20
Q

where British soldiers were told to stay in an orderly line while the ship sank to reduce panic

A

Birkenhead shipwreck

21
Q

the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in the decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

A

groupthink

22
Q
  1. _________: occurs when people 2. _____ to an idea voiced (usually confident) and 3. _____ to 4. ____ alternatives or 5. _______ the proposal
A
  1. groupthink
  2. agree
  3. fail
  4. seek
  5. question
23
Q

example of groupthink (1)

A

JFK and the Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1962 (Cuban Revolution and the CIA involvement)

24
Q

considering what 2 factors can help prevent groupthink?

A
  1. considering the OPTIONS and OPINIONS of others

2. voicing concerns

25
Q

we perform 1. ______ or 2. _____ intensely in the 3. _________ of others

A
  1. better
  2. more
  3. presence
26
Q

improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others

A

social-faciliation

27
Q

we also tend to perform better w/ _______ from those waching

A

support

28
Q

example of performing better w/ people watching

A

home games

29
Q

opposite of social facilitation: tendency to perform worse or exert less effort in groups

A

social-loafing

30
Q

____ less force or sound in tug of war or clapping in a group opposed to solo

A

8%

31
Q

groups impact 1. ________ is when people commit 2. ____ or 3. ________ in ways that they would 4. ____ alone

A
  1. behavior
  2. acts
  3. behave
  4. not
32
Q

groups can also cause one to lose oneself — their self-control or their self-restraint – during group situations

A

deindividuation

33
Q

examples of groups in deindividuation (3)

A
  1. rioting
  2. looting
  3. food fights
34
Q

an example of deindividuation in tribes

A

face paint in tribal warfare

35
Q

an example of deindividuaiton on the internet (2)

A
  1. cyber-bullying

2. trolling

36
Q

the enhancement of a group prevailing inclinations through discussion w/in the group

A

group polarization

37
Q

example of group polarization in terms of race

A

studies of racial prejudice persons talking make them more prejudice and vice versa but in an isolated group setting