2. Fields and Domains from 1960s Onward Flashcards
new branch of psych that focused on learned behaviors in response to stimuli and situations
behaviorism
who did the experiments on dogs where dogs’ automatic responses to stimuli could be learned?
Ivan Palvov
who did experiments on animals and children’s behavior in responses to stimuli
John B. Watson
animals and children learned to anticipate and associate stimuli w/ events
classical conditioning
who was famous for training animals and individuals behaviors through controlled stimuli and their consequences
B.F. Spinner
Spinner taught rats and primates to learn behaviors based on which was later applied to humans?
rewards and punishments – both positive and negative
Spinner believes that what doesn’t exist?
free will doesn’t exist and all behaviors are learned
What is Spinner famous for?
He’s famous for ‘shaping’ behavior in mammals and laid the ground work for treatments of behaviors aliments.
who believed that behaviorists and Freudians were too narrow minded and limited
Carl Rogers (and others)
what did humanistic psychologists have theories based on?
human emotional and basic needs (maslow’s hierarchy of needs)
to humanistic psychologists perception and behavior were driven by?
internal, human motives.
cognitive psychologists focused more on?
mental processes of the brain (how we process and retain info)
how brain activity and circuits affect our behaviors or causes emotions (link b/w brain and the mind)
biological
assets and treat mental, emotional, and behavior disorders
clinical
who created the first mental asylum?
Dorothea Dix
sci study of all the mental abilities associated with knowledge, remembering, and communicating – perceive, think, and solve problems
cognitive
help people out with crisis; help people adjust to life transitions or make lifestyle changes
counseling
changing abilities from womb to tomb (how we progress from birth to death)
development
who was someone who strongly took part in development?
Jean Piaget
the methods and influences on teaching and learning
educational
diverse groups of scientists who study behavior via experimental and observation in humans and animals (could be other types of psychologists)
experimental
interactions of people, machines, and physical environments (how machines and environments can be safe to use for humans)
human factors
use psychological concepts and methods to select employees, boost morale, design products, and better business functioning
industrial-organizational
investigating persistent traits and characteristics of people
personality
measurement of abilities, attitudes, and traits of human beings
psychometric
how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that info to treat psychological disorders (modern Freudians)
pyschodynamic
how expressions of emotions vary across cultural contexts (how we view and affect one another varies in different social-cultural groups)
social
