25. Motivation and Behavior

Question 1

a result of nature (physiology) and nurture (culture and society) — a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

Answer 1

motivations

Question 2

can totally affect behavior based on needs and desires

Answer 2

motivations

Question 3

a complex, unlearned behavior that rigidly patterned throughout a species (salmon swimming upstream; rooted in self)

Answer 3

instincts

Question 4

pos or neg stimuli that motivate behavior (smelling pizza increases hunger drive)

Answer 4

incentives

Question 5

fundamental biological and psychological needs (food, security, procreation, social acceptance, companionship)

Answer 5

needs

Question 6

food, security, procreation, social acceptance, companionship

Answer 6

needs

Question 7

the physiological and psychological arousal that compels us to satisfy our needs (hunger, thirst, sleep, sex, temp, etc.)

Answer 7

drives

Question 8

hunger, thirst, sleep, sex, temp, etc.

Answer 8

drives

Question 9

maintenance of a steady internal state

Answer 9

homeostasis

Question 10

(homeostasis) 1. _________ of any aspect of 2. _____ ______ like blood 3. _____ sugar

Answer 10

1. regulation
2. body chemistry
3. sugar

Question 11

(homeostasis) 1. ___ _____ regulation 2. ______ to 3. _______ 4. ______ changes

Answer 11

1. body temp
2. responding
3. outside
4. temp

Question 12

(homeostasis) 1. ________ regulation seeking certain levels of 2. _______ or other 3. ________

Answer 12

1. neurological
2. happiness
3. arousals

Question 13

idea that a physiological need creates an arousal tension that motivates organism to satisfy a need (eat or drink)

Answer 13

drive reduction theory

Question 14

according to the arousal theory of motivation, each person has a unique arousal level that is right for them

Answer 14

arousal theory

Question 15

didn’t social enough –> feels lonely –> drive to be w/ people

Answer 15

arousal theory

Question 16

socialized too much –> tired/exhaustion/uninterested –> drive to be alone

Answer 16

arousal theory

Question 17

when our 1. _______ levels drop below these 2. ________ mandated 3. _________ levels, we seek 4. _______ to 5. _______ them

Answer 17

1. arousal
2. individually
3. optimal
4. stimulation
5. elevate

Question 18

appetite stimulating parts of the hypothalamus

Answer 18

eating

Question 19

(eating) eat too 1. _____ or 2. __ interest in food when 3. _______ is 4. _______

Answer 19

1. much
2. no
3. hypothalamus
4. damaged

Question 20

(eating) humans have a 1. ______ 2. _______ for 3. _____ and 4. ______ foods

Answer 20

1. genetic
2. disposition
3. cal-dense
4. nutrient-dense

Question 21

(eating) we tend to eat 1. ______ in 2. _____ and when there’s a greater 3. ______ (buffet effect)

Answer 21

1. more
2. groups
3. variety

Question 22

the point @ which an individual’s lean weight thermostat is set

Answer 22

set point (eating)

Question 23

muscle tissue and organ tissue

Answer 23

lean weight

Question 24

dive 1. _____ our 2. ____ _____, we are 3. _____ to 4. ___

Answer 24

1. below
2. set point
3. driven
4. eat

Question 25

most 1. ______ is due to 2. ______ addiction (flavor and dopamine eating)

Answer 25

1. obesity | 2. food

Question 26

sexual response cycle --- excitement, plateu, orgasm, resolution

Answer 26

sex

Question 27

what is the sex cycle? (4)

Answer 27

1. excitement 2. plateu 3. orgasm 4. resolution

Question 28

1. ________ and 2. ______ may increase sex drive

Answer 28

1. testosterone | 2. estrogen

Question 29

1. ______ and 2. ______ both respond to erotic reading, appearance, and material

Answer 29

1. males | 2. females

Question 30

desire to be 1. _____ and 2. _____ in 3. ______ is rooted in 4. ______ due to survival rates being 5. _____ in 6. ____

Answer 30

1. accepted 2. thrive 3. groups 4. ancestors 5. increased 6. groups

Question 31

to be accepted means . . . (3)

Answer 31

1. safety 2. food 3. more choices of mates

Question 32

being disliked or excluded means . . . (2)

Answer 32

1. alienation | 2. decreased odds of living and procreation

Question 33

desired to be 1. ___ or no caused 2. _______ rooted in 3. ______ (fear 4. ______ or violence) and is 5. ______ _________ when one is not 6. ______

Answer 33

1. liked 2. conflicts 3. survival 4. exclusion 5. painful psychologically 6. accepted

Question 34

we spend 1. ____ and 2. _____ on 3. _____ and 4. ______ behavior to be 5. _______ by others (friends and romantic others)

Answer 34

1. money 2. time 3. appearance 4. alter 5. accepted

Question 35

1. _____ _____ has increased 2. _____ connection w/ those we 3. ____ but the 4. _______ we see of others may increase 5. ________ by comparison

Answer 35

1. social media 2. social 3. know 4. perfection 5. depression