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AP Psychology > 25. Motivation and Behavior > Flashcards

25. Motivation and Behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

a result of nature (physiology) and nurture (culture and society) — a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

A

motivations

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2
Q

can totally affect behavior based on needs and desires

A

motivations

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3
Q

a complex, unlearned behavior that rigidly patterned throughout a species (salmon swimming upstream; rooted in self)

A

instincts

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4
Q

pos or neg stimuli that motivate behavior (smelling pizza increases hunger drive)

A

incentives

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5
Q

fundamental biological and psychological needs (food, security, procreation, social acceptance, companionship)

A

needs

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6
Q

food, security, procreation, social acceptance, companionship

A

needs

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7
Q

the physiological and psychological arousal that compels us to satisfy our needs (hunger, thirst, sleep, sex, temp, etc.)

A

drives

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8
Q

hunger, thirst, sleep, sex, temp, etc.

A

drives

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9
Q

maintenance of a steady internal state

A

homeostasis

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10
Q

(homeostasis) 1. _________ of any aspect of 2. _____ ______ like blood 3. _____ sugar

A
  1. regulation
  2. body chemistry
  3. sugar
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11
Q

(homeostasis) 1. ___ _____ regulation 2. ______ to 3. _______ 4. ______ changes

A
  1. body temp
  2. responding
  3. outside
  4. temp
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12
Q

(homeostasis) 1. ________ regulation seeking certain levels of 2. _______ or other 3. ________

A
  1. neurological
  2. happiness
  3. arousals
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13
Q

idea that a physiological need creates an arousal tension that motivates organism to satisfy a need (eat or drink)

A

drive reduction theory

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14
Q

according to the arousal theory of motivation, each person has a unique arousal level that is right for them

A

arousal theory

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15
Q

didn’t social enough –> feels lonely –> drive to be w/ people

A

arousal theory

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16
Q

socialized too much –> tired/exhaustion/uninterested –> drive to be alone

A

arousal theory

17
Q

when our 1. _______ levels drop below these 2. ________ mandated 3. _________ levels, we seek 4. _______ to 5. _______ them

A
  1. arousal
  2. individually
  3. optimal
  4. stimulation
  5. elevate
18
Q

appetite stimulating parts of the hypothalamus

A

eating

19
Q

(eating) eat too 1. _____ or 2. __ interest in food when 3. _______ is 4. _______

A
  1. much
  2. no
  3. hypothalamus
  4. damaged
20
Q

(eating) humans have a 1. ______ 2. _______ for 3. _____ and 4. ______ foods

A
  1. genetic
  2. disposition
  3. cal-dense
  4. nutrient-dense
21
Q

(eating) we tend to eat 1. ______ in 2. _____ and when there’s a greater 3. ______ (buffet effect)

A
  1. more
  2. groups
  3. variety
22
Q

the point @ which an individual’s lean weight thermostat is set

A

set point (eating)

23
Q

muscle tissue and organ tissue

A

lean weight

24
Q

dive 1. _____ our 2. ____ _____, we are 3. _____ to 4. ___

A
  1. below
  2. set point
  3. driven
  4. eat
25
Q

most 1. ______ is due to 2. ______ addiction (flavor and dopamine eating)

A
  1. obesity

2. food

26
Q

sexual response cycle — excitement, plateu, orgasm, resolution

A

sex

27
Q

what is the sex cycle? (4)

A
  1. excitement
  2. plateu
  3. orgasm
  4. resolution
28
Q
  1. ________ and 2. ______ may increase sex drive
A
  1. testosterone

2. estrogen

29
Q
  1. ______ and 2. ______ both respond to erotic reading, appearance, and material
A
  1. males

2. females

30
Q

desire to be 1. _____ and 2. _____ in 3. ______ is rooted in 4. ______ due to survival rates being 5. _____ in 6. ____

A
  1. accepted
  2. thrive
  3. groups
  4. ancestors
  5. increased
  6. groups
31
Q

to be accepted means . . . (3)

A
  1. safety
  2. food
  3. more choices of mates
32
Q

being disliked or excluded means . . . (2)

A
  1. alienation

2. decreased odds of living and procreation

33
Q

desired to be 1. ___ or no caused 2. _______ rooted in 3. ______ (fear 4. ______ or violence) and is 5. ______ _________ when one is not 6. ______

A
  1. liked
  2. conflicts
  3. survival
  4. exclusion
  5. painful psychologically
  6. accepted
34
Q

we spend 1. ____ and 2. _____ on 3. _____ and 4. ______ behavior to be 5. _______ by others (friends and romantic others)

A
  1. money
  2. time
  3. appearance
  4. alter
  5. accepted
35
Q
  1. _____ _____ has increased 2. _____ connection w/ those we 3. ____ but the 4. _______ we see of others may increase 5. ________ by comparison
A
  1. social media
  2. social
  3. know
  4. perfection
  5. depression

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