15.2 Drugs Cont.: Stimulants and Hallucinogens Flashcards

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1
Q

drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions causing a rise in breathing, heartbeat, energy, and confidence (ie: caffeine, nicotine, cocaine)

A

stimulants

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2
Q

stimulants are used to. . . (3 reasons)

A
  1. feel alert
  2. lose weight
  3. boost mood or athletic performance
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3
Q

what can the cut off of stimulants cause? (4 negative effects)

A

fatigue, headaches, irritability, and depression

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4
Q

highly addictive as heroine and cocaine and tolerance is developed

A

nicotine

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5
Q

nicotine hits the 1. _________ in 2.___ seconds which release 3. _____ and 4. ___________ to diminish appetite and increase alertness and mental efficiency

A
  1. CNS
  2. 7
  3. epinephrine
  4. norepinephrine
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6
Q

1.________ and 2.________ provide a calming effect and alleviate pain

A
  1. dopamine

2. opioids

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7
Q

withdrawals of nicotine include. . . (5)

A

craving, insomnia, anxiety, irritability, and distractibility

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8
Q

rush of euphoria that depletes dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine by blocking the reuptake, in less than an hour leaving user in agitated depression

A

cocaine

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9
Q

monkeys and cocaine

A

pressed a button 12K for one shot

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10
Q

cocaine can lead to . . . (6)

A

aggression, emotional disturbances, suspiciousness, convulsion, cardiac arrest, and respiratory failure

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11
Q

increases dopamine for 8hrs, resulting in a crash of irritability, social isolation, depression, possible seizures, hypertension, and violent outbursts

A

[meth]amphetamine

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12
Q

[meth]amphetamine can reduce what and result in what?

A

it can reduce the overall dopamine functioning and results in depressed functioning

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13
Q

MDMA –> stimulant and mild hallucinogen. triggers dopamine release (like all amphetamines), floods w/ serotonin and blocks reuptake

A

ecstasy

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14
Q

under ecstasy the taker can experience . . . (3 negative effects) for 3-4hrs

A

high energy, emotional elevation, and connectedness w/ others

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15
Q

ecstasy can cause the user to have. . . (3-4)

A

a dehydrating effect, increased blood pressure; some experience overheating or death w/ dancing

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16
Q

overall ecstasy can cause real harm to the body by. . . (6)

A

harming serotonin producing neurons + result in permanently depressed mood, suppressed immune system, impaired memory, slow thoughts, and disrupted circadian rhythm

17
Q

distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

A

hallucinogens

18
Q

stream of uninterrupted fantastic pics, shapes, colors, etc, ranging from euphoria, to detachment, to panic

A

LSD

19
Q

hallucinations start w/ 1. _______ ______ and 2. _______ then to more 3. ________ images

A
  1. geometric forms
  2. spindles
  3. meaningful
20
Q

how do people feel like when taking LSDs?

A

they feel separated from the body in a dreamlike state (like near-death tunnel experience 15% patients brought back from cardiac arrest)

21
Q

found in cannabis; can experience agitation + hallucinations; amplifies colors, sounds, tastes and smells, produces an euphoric high

A

THC

22
Q

THC impairs . . . (2)

A
  1. motor coordination

2. perceptual skills (reaction time)

23
Q

THC lingers in the _________ which opposes tolerance by users

A

bloodstream

24
Q

what can THC amplify, disrupt, and shrink in a negative aspect? (3)

A
  1. anxiety and depression
  2. disrupts memory formation
  3. shrinks brain areas of emotion and memory
25
Q

what are 3 things that THC could help with?

A
  1. relieve pain
  2. calm nerves
  3. increase appetite