19. Behavioral Modifications and Coping

Question 1

The idea that we ourselves (internal) or outside forces (external) determine our fate (success, failure, and life)

Answer 1

internal vs. external locus of control

Question 2

People who believe in an internal locus of control achieve 1. _______, act more 2. _______________, enjoy better 3. _________.

Answer 2

1. more
2. independently
3. health

Question 3

Internal people tend to be 1. ________ _________ and better at delaying 3. ______________ and coping with 4. ___________.

Answer 3

1. lessed depressed
2. gratification
3. stressors

Question 4

attempting to alleviate stress directly, usually when we have some control

Answer 4

problem-focused coping

Question 5

attempting to alleviate the stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to ones stress reaction

Answer 5

emotional-focused coping

Question 6

ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for longer-term rewards

Answer 6

self-control

Question 7

name of experiment that tested self-control

Answer 7

toddlers w/ marshmallows experiement

Question 8

altering and/or encouraging the behavior of children, friends, fam, self, animals w/ neg/pos reinforcements and punishments

Answer 8

behavioral modification

Question 9

consciously moving limbs when the automatic (kinesthetic, self-control) function has been disabled

Answer 9

biofeedback

Question 10

Bobo doll / observational learning experiments

Answer 10

Albert Bandura

Question 11

taste aversion (rats disliking food eaten before irradiation)

Answer 11

John Garcia

Question 12

classical conditioning – dog / bell / salivation

Answer 12

Ivan Pavlov

Question 13

research on contingency and that the likelihood of an event occurring well determine how well or how quickly classical conditioning works

Answer 13

Robert Rescorla

Question 14

worked w/ learned helplessness which impacted views on contingency as dogs would remain helpless regardless of the outcome

Answer 14

Robert Rescorla

Question 15

operant conditioning – Skinner’s box (rat training)

Answer 15

B. F. Skinner

Question 16

Law of Effect – behaviors that followed by favorable consequences became more likely, unfavorable, less likely; influenced Skinner

Answer 16

Edward Thorndike

Question 17

theorized that behavior is based on more that stimuli but rather, often driven by purpose and goals

Answer 17

Edward Tolman

Question 18

coined behaviorism, “Baby Albert”

Answer 18

John B. Watson

Question 19

this guy lost his job @ John Hopkins due to affair, and worked in advertising starting the American “coffee break”

Answer 19

John B. Watson