🟢40 Vegetative Propogation Flashcards
Explain what is meant by vegetative proppgation
Asexual reproduction in plants that results in genetically identical offspring
Explain what is meant by Asexual reproduction
Reproduction with only one parent cell
All offspring are genetically identical
Doesnt involve union of sex cells
Egs: Binary Fission
Spore formation
Budding
What is natural vegetative propogation
Forming new plants from a stem,root,bud, or leaf
Name the type of cell division involved in vegetative reproduction
Mitosis
Give three examples of natural vegetative propogation
Strawberrie runners (stem)
Sweet potato root tuber (root)
Cactus (leaf)
Onion bulb (buds)
Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of artificial propogation
Advantage:
Can take desired traits from 2 plants and produce one plant.
Fast
Disadvantage:
Diseases can be passed from parent to offspring
Plants may lack vigour if carfied out repeatedly
Define runners
Horizontal stems that run above ground and from which new plants grow
Long internodes where buds are formed. New plant grows from buds
Strawberries Buttercup
Define Root Tuber
Swollen underground root that remains dormant during winter and from which new plants grow
New shoots grow from buds at base of old stem which has withered away
Dahlia sweet potato yam
Define natural vegetative propogation from leafs
Leaves of some plants will grow into new plants if theyre detached from parent plant and land in soil
Cactus
What is a BULB
modified bud
Define natural vsegetative propogation of buds
Bulb contains underground stem thats small. Leaves are attached, swollen with stored food.Centre of bulb has apical bud which can produce leaves nd young flower. Lateral buds located between stem and each leaf. These can form new shoots in spring. Old leaves then become dry nd scaly nd protect nee bulb inside
Daffodil Onion Tulip
What is a cutting
portion of a plant thats removed from parent plant and grown into a new independent plant
How can u speed up formation of artificial vegetative propogation method: cuttings
Cut the shoot at an angle and treat with rooting powder
How does artificial vegetative propogation CUTTING happen
Cut a shoot of a plant at an angle from aprent plant
Treat with rootimg powder
Place in soil
Cheap and simple
Busy Lizzie, Willow Geranium
What is graftting
The joining and uniting of part of one plant with a second plant
Examples of reasons for graftting
Take the large flowers from roses and graft with the large roots from wild roses
Well rooted plants with big flowers
How does artificial vegetative propogation GRAFTING occur
Remove part of onne plant and attach it to a healthy rooted part of a second plant
Must be good contact between meristems and vascular tissue of both plants
What is Layering
The growth of a new plant from a stem that is still attached to the parent plant
How does artificial vegetative propogation LAYERING occur
Branch of a parent plant is bent down
Covered in soil except roots
Peg to hold in place
Two plants will separate
Blackberries
What is micropropogation
the growth of plants from small pieces of tissue under sterile conditions on a specially selected medium
What is another name for micropropogation
Tissue culturing
When is micropropagation usually used and why
Often used to produce large numbers of newly developed plants
or
plants that dont reproduce from seeds
As its very expensive and specialised
Advantages of Vegetative Propogation
Simple and reliable
New plants form fast
Offspring are identical to parent
No waste
Disadvantages of vegetative propogation
Lack of variation
diseases can be passed from parent to offspring
Plants may lack vigour if carried out repeatedly
Could be overcrowding and competition
