🟢1 The scientific method Flashcards
Define science
Science is the study of the physical,material and living world.
Define biology
Biology is the study of living things
Steps of The scientific method
OHERC (DCAH)
Making observations
Forming a hypothesis
Carrying out experiments
Recording the results
Forming a conclusion
Discarding,changing or accepting the hypothesis
Define hypothesis
A hypothesis is an educated guess based on observations
Define experiment
An experiment is a test for a hypothesis
Define data
Data is the information gathered in experiments
What is a theory
A theory is a hypothesis that has been supported by many different experiments.
What is a principle or law
A principle or law arises from a theory when it is seen always to be true under all conditions over a long period of time
What is a replicate
a replicate is when an experiment is repeated
Define ethics
Ethics refers to whether issues/conduct are right or wrong
3 ethical issues in science
-The origin of life
-Cloning animals
-Whether or not evolution took place
-Freezing human sperm and embyros
-The use of captive animals in experiments
-Organ transplants, especially from animals to humans
Define observation
When something is noticed
What is a conclusion
Summary of the results of an expirement
what are three things u can do to a hypothesis
accept
reject
change
Whats a variable
factor that may change in an experiment
what is a control
used to provide a comparison against which the actual expiriment can be judged
whats double blind testing
The person being tested and the tester both are unaware of whos receieving the real treatment an whos recieving the placebo
Limitations of scientific method
1.Extent of our knowledge
2.Basis of investifation
3.Interpreting results
4.Changes in natural world
5.Accidental discoveries
What does limitation 1.The extent of our knowledge mean
More information could be discovered if only we knew the correct questions to ask. As time goes on more knowledge is gained and more questions can be asked and hopefully answered.
What does limitation 2.The basis of investigation mean
If an investigation is badly designed or improperly carried out it wont get results that are valid. Pg7 in book
What does limitation 3.Interpreting results mean?
If results of an experiment are interpreted incorrectly, faulty conclusions and hypotheses may be drawn. Its important to analyse results in a proper manner.
What does limitation 4.Changes in the natural world mean
Sometimes the scientific method can lead to results that apply only to living things at one particular time. as living things are constantly evolving, hypothesis must also be altered
What does limitation 4.Changes in the natural world mean
Sometimes the scientific method can lead to results that apply only to living things at one particular time. as living things are constantly evolving, hypothesis must also be altered
what does limitation 5. Accidental Discoveries mean
New insights are often provided by accidental disciveries. Such findings contributed enormously to the development of scientific thinking
Eg. Penicillin
