Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

🌿5 Biology > 🟢25 Blood > Flashcards

🟢25 Blood Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is plasma

A

Liquid part of the blood
Pale yellow liquid
Makes up 55% of the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is plasma composed of

A

90% water
7% protein
3% dissolved materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the main proteins in plasma

A

Antibodies (fight infection,neutralise foreign substances)
Clotting proteins (form clots)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Function of plasma

A

Transport dissolved materials (glucose,amino acids,minerals,vits,salts)
Carry heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is serum

A

This is plasma from which the clotting proteins have been removed
(Plasma without clotting proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are red blood cells made

A

In the bone marrow of long bones (ribs,breastbone long bones innarms and legs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Red blood consist of

A

A flexible membrane that surrounds a red,iron containing protein called haemoglobin
NO NUCLEI
NO MITOCHONDRIA
Biconcave shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Can red blood cells repair themselves

A

No, so they live for about 4months
Dead red blood cells are broken down in the liver and spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens when red blood cells die

A

They are broken down in the liver and spleen
The iron is retained to be recycled into new haemoglobin
The rest of the cell is converted into bile pigments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Red blood cells function

A

Transport oxygen
Biconcave shape to allow as much oxygen as possible to be absorbed
Collects oxygen in areas of high concentration (lungs)
Releases oxygen in areas of low concentration (body cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Another name for white blood cells

A

Leucocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

White blood cells:

A

Larger than red blood cells
No definite shape
Have a nucleus
Live for a few days
Less numerous than red cells (1:700)
Made in bone marrow and some mature in lymphatic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

White blood cell function

A

Defend the body against infection by engulfing pathogens aand by producing antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are phagocytes/monocytes/macrophages

A

WBCs that attack, engulf and digest bacteria by phagocytosis
(They eat bacteria)
5% of all WBCs
Live for 6-9 days
Kidney shaped nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are lymphocytes

A

WBCs that react to invading bacteria by producing antibodies
25% of all WBCs
Live for 3months->10 years
Large round nucleus little cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are platlets made

A

Made in bone marrow
A large cell called a megacyte is broken down to produce cell fragments called platelets
A platelet is smaller than a red blood cel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Platelets functions

A

Platelets allow blood to clot
-Blood clots:
Prevents blood loss
Prevent entry of foreign cells into
body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Functions of the blood

A

1TRANSPORT
-food waste products and hormones by plasma
-Oxygen in RBCs
-Heat in plasma
2DEFENCE
-WBCs (monocytes/phagocytes) engulf and digest bacteria
-WBCs (lymphocytes) make antibodies which destroy pathogens/foreign bodies
-Platlets clot blood, which prevents entry of pathogens

19
Q

What is a pathogen

A

Something thats causing disease to its host
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites etc

20
Q

What are the four blood groups

A

A
B
AB
O

21
Q

How is a blood group determined

A

RBCs have many diff chemicals called antigens
Depending on the type of antigen present they are put into a blood group
Blood group O had no antigens

22
Q

The rhesus factor

A

85% of irish ppl have A chemical called the Rhesus factor on their RBCs
If you are blood group A and have the Rhesus factor on your RBC you are APositive/Rhesus positive
If not you are Anegative/Rhesus negative

23
Q

Relationship between haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin

A

Haemoglobi>Lungs> Oxyhaemoglobin
(Purple) (Bright red)

24
Q

What is oxyhaemoglobin

A

Haemoglobin and oxygen form a losse chemical union

25
Q

Whats another name for RBCs

A

Erythocrytes

26
Q

Whats another name for WBCs

A

Leucocytes

27
Q

Whats another name for platelets

A

Thrombocytes

28
Q

What does blood consist of

A

Plasma (55%)
Red blood cells ]
White blood cells ] (45%)
Platelets ]

29
Q

What is thrombosis

A

When a blood clot forms and blocks a blood vessel

30
Q

Functions of blood clots

A

Reduce loss of blood
Prevent entry of micro-organisms

31
Q

What are monocytes

A

Formed in bone marry
Make up 5% of WBCs
Survive for 6-9 days
Kidney shaped nuclei

32
Q

Function of monocytes

A

Scavenge through the body ->
Surround and digest bacteria and other particles

33
Q

What shape are RBCs

A

Biconcave shape

34
Q

Name the liquid part of blood

A

Plasma

35
Q

Give a function of
RBC
WBC
Platelet

A

Transport Oxygen
Make antibodies
Blood clotting

36
Q

State a precise location in the body where RBCs are made

A

Bone marrow of rib bone

37
Q

State two ways RBCs differ from regular body cells

A

No nucleus
No mitochondria
Haemoglobin
Carry oxygen

38
Q

What is blood plasma? Give a role for blood Plasmsa

A

Liquid part of the blood
Carries dissolved substances such as waste salts horomones food HEAT

39
Q

Name two types of cell found in blood and give a function for each

A

RBC- Carries oxygen
WBC-Makes antibodies/Defence

40
Q

The ABO blood group system has four blood groups. Name them

A

A
B
AB
O

41
Q

State 2 ways other than colour in which
RBCs differ from WBCs

A

Smaller
More of them
No nucleus when mature
Biconcave shape
Contain haemoglobin
Transport Oxygen
Transport Co2

42
Q

Name a group of WBCs other than lymphocytes

A

Monocytes

43
Q

What are the 2 categories of WBCs

A

Lymphocytes
Monocytes

🌿5 Biology (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions