3.20 British Culture and Society in the 1970s (Race Relations) Flashcards
What did the 1971 Immigration Act do?
Commonwealth citizens with patrial status were allowed unrestricted access to the UK.
Everyone else was dependent on a work permit
What were the problems with the 1971 Immigration Act?
This did not confer with residency rights
All permits were subject to the possibility of no-renewal
This meant all Commonwealth citizens without patrial links were effectively reduced to the status of contract labour.
Who announced he had a dream that instructed him to give the Ugandan Asians 3 months to leave Uganda?
Idi Amin
When did Idi Amin announce his dream?
1973
How many Ugandan Asians were there in Uganda?
50,000
How many Ugandan Asians would be allowed to enter Britain as per the 1968 quota?
3,000
What did the government use as holding centres for the Ugandan Asians?
Military camps
How many Ugandan Asians resettled in Britain?
28,000
Where did the Ugandan Asians settle?
Mostly in Leicester, Bradford, and West London
By 1974, how many Commonwealth immigrants had come to Britain?
1 million
By 1974, how many West Indian immigrants had come to Britain?
325,000
By 1974, how many Indian and Pakistani immigrants had come to Britain?
435,000
By 1974, how many people had come to Britain from Africa?
150,000
Where did immigrants tend to settle?
In places that had cultural and familial links
In the 1974 elections, how many non-white councillors were elected?
10
By 1978, how many non-white councillors were elected?
35
What did the 1976 Race Relations Act do?
It made discrimination unlawful in employment, training, education, and in the provision of goods and services.
What did the 1976 Race Relations Act replace?
The Acts of 1965 and 1968
What Commission was set up as a result of the 1976 Race Relations Act?
The Race Relation Commission
How many members did the National Front have by 1976?
20,000
How many candidates did the National Front put up in the February 1974 election?
90
By 1977, how were the National Front being described?
Britain’s fourth largest party
What did Thatcher promise to limit in 1978?
Immigration
Where did the National Front hold marches and demonstrations?
Areas of high immigration
What incidents did the Trades Council of East London give details of?
Over 100 incidents including 2 murders between January 1976 and August 1978
What pressure group was set up in 1977 to combat the National Front?
The Anti-Nazi League
When was the Anti-Nazi League set up?
1977
What was popular with the National Front and other racist groups?
P*** bashing
Which music event began in 1976?
Rock Against Racism
How many people attended Rock Against Racism
100,000
Who headlined Rock Against Racism
The Clash
The police and ‘canteen culture’ shared many features with what racist group?
National Front
By 1976, how many black or ethnic minority police officers were there?
70
What happened at the 1976 Notting Hill Carnival
A riot erupted between police and carnival goers where 300 people were injured
What was resurrected during the 1970s?
The sus law
What did the sus law allow the police to do?
Arrest people they suspected of possible crimes
What was the complaint about the sus law?
The police often used this to arrest black people they suspected of possibly committing a crime or about to
No evidence was required
What percentage of people arrested because of the sus law were black?
50%
What campaign emerged to abolish the sus law?
Scrap Sus
What did the Black Parents Movement
Set up in response to police brutality towards black children in London
When was Blair Peach killed?
23rd April 1979
Who was Blair Peach?
He was a teacher and Anti-Nazi League supporter
What happened to Blair Peach?
He was killed when a demonstration of the Anti-Nazi League was blocked by police
It was alleged that he was hit on the head by a police truncheon
When did the Met Police admit responsibility for the death of Blair Peach?
2010
Which black footballers were growing in fame during the 1970s?
Justin Fashanu
John Barnes
In 1978, who was the first black player picked for the England team?
Viv Anderson
What music became more popular during the 1970s?
Reggae and ska music
How were football terraces places of overt racism?
Fans made monkey noises
They threw banana skins
What variety show continued to be shown until 1978?
The Black and White Minstrel Show
What did the Commission for Racial Equality warn in 1980?
‘racial prejudice is still rife, and so is racial discrimination, while the response of the government has been disappointingly inadequate’
Where did much of National Front’s support come from?
Decaying urban areas with large immigrant populations
Why were numbers of the working class attracted to the National Front?
The basic problems related to appalling housing, high unemployment, and a lack of job opportunities especially for the young
