3.14 colonial policy and administration Flashcards

1
Q

What is a dyarchy?

A

System of gov where power is divided between two authorities (introduced by gov of India act 1919)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did 1919 gov of India act change India?

A

Viceroy retained control over major areas (defence and foreign affairs) council had to defend factions to a legislative council

Viceroy could act by decree for 6 months in case of an emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the legislative council?

A

Split into: lower house 104/144 were elected and an upper house where 34/60 were elected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did the Simon commission recommend?

A

Was a review of Gov on India act (1919) in 1927 it had no Indian members

Recommended a federal system of gov to be created across India incorporating both provinces and princely states

Foreign affairs still remain viceroys power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happened at round table conferences of 1930 and 31

A

-London
-Ghandi represents congress at the second one
No agreement

British reject Indian self government due to doubts about competence of non white leaders + India still strategic and economically important to Britain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How did 1935 gov of India act change India?

A

Made provinces completely self governing (could still be suspended in an emergency)

Indian held parliament 33% princes rear elecfed

Viceroy remained head of state and had right to veto laws and suspend constitution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why did Indians oppose the gov of India act?

A

-congress party opposed it because it fell short of independence of white Indians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why did the outbreak of ww2 lead to dither opposition to the British raj?

A

1939 members of congress-controlled ministers resigned from office in response to Indian participation in the war

British imposed direct rule and dealt with independence protest against the war with repression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why did white settlers exercise dominance in Kenya?

A

Pressure put on gov for a degree of self-gov in 1920 by the white settlers

Power given to 25,000 white settlers who dominated legislative council

Taxed the Kikuyu heavily and banned them from growing commercial products to reduce competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the Devonshire declaration 1923?

A

-African interests need to be respected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did Britain attempt to promote economic and social development in its colonies?(2)

A

-Sudan 1920 £3 mil for cotton scheme

-£10 mil for rail and dock facilities in east Africa 1925

(Howler they to finance it themselves through taxes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the colonial development act 1929?

A

-allocated £1m of British treasury funds for the development of projects across empire

(not enough money needed for development)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why did dissatisfaction grow in the African colonies?

A

-suffered because of Great depression 1930s

-urbanisation-poor conditions in towns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What were the strategic, economic and international aims for Britain in the Middle East?

A

Strategic-protect Suez Canal and the surrounding territory

Economic-preserve access to oil

International aims:maintains their great power status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why was the British colonial aims in Palestine difficult to achieve?

A

-financial strain on British and colonial gov post ww1

Controlling the growing jewish population and arbs was difficult

Disagreement between the pro-jewish British go and pro-Arab British authorities in Palestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does Britain sent 20,000 troops to Palestine to deal with Arab attacks on Jewish areas

A

1936

17
Q

What happened to Palestine in 1939

A

15,000 Jews can emigrate each year for 5 years -ensure Arabs still remained majority

18
Q

Road to iraq gaining independence in 1932?

A

-widespread Muslim demonstrations Baghdad 1920

-1921 Cairo conference Britain allow some self gov whilst maintaining military control

-1922 Anglo-Iraqi treaty: Fiscal I as king

1930 anglo-Iraqi treaty: full consultation on foreign policy matters

19
Q

What led to Dominions want to control their own affairs?

A

Important role they played in ww1

20
Q

What did 1926 commonwealth conference agree upon?

A

Dominions were autonomous within empire-not subordinate to one and other

United by common allergic d to the crown

21
Q

What were the terms of the statute of Westminster 1931?(3)

A

-certain dominions should become independent nations

-laws passed in Britain not necessarily passed in dominions

-dominions free to pass own laws without approval

22
Q

Why was imperial defence difficult in the inter-war period?

A

Servers economic difficulties
-aggressive regimes 1930s
-rose of nationalist movements

23
Q
A