2.11 Attitudes Towards Imperialism In Britain

Question 1

Where was empire widely accepted

Answer 1

Among the ruling elites

Question 2

Evidence for the empire being supported at all levels of society?

Answer 2

Conservative win Kharki election 1900

Question 3

What was the liberals aim with empire

Answer 3

Education and improvement of colonies-ultimate purpose of self rule w

Question 4

What did Lord Salisbury believe in?

Answer 4

European rule was for the advancement of ‘backward races’

Question 5

What did ‘high imperialists believe’

Answer 5

Strong independent empire rules by white people

Non white people subjects and not citizens

Question 6

What did Joseph chamberlain believe only empire could solve ?

Answer 6

National crisis of military and industrial advances of powers

Question 7

Who was one of the strongest critics of empire?

Answer 7

John. A. Hobson

Question 8

What did Hobson believe about empire

Answer 8

Views catalysed by boer war -

Imperial expansion only benefited rich capitalists who made profit through investment

Question 9

Emily Hobhouse?

Answer 9

Wrote reposts which led to a gov enquiry into the conditions in the British concentration camps -helped tarnish the allure of imperialism and it supposed civilising mission

Question 10

Wilfred Scawen Blunt?

Answer 10

Imitated the pro-imperialist poet Kipling

Question 11

Who was Herbert Spencer?

Answer 11

Influential philosopher who criticised the Victorian enthusiasm for colonial acquisition of colonies

Question 12

Frederic Harrison?

Answer 12

Radical left-wing lawyer who believed imperialism to be unethical

Question 13

How did the empire affect literature and music?

Answer 13

-Kipling shaped British attitude pre 1914- almost religious belief in empire and filled his work with reference to Britain’s higher goals

-Guants novels focused on committed colonists such as missionaries civil servants and scientists

-Henry Cpwars took a Sheffield Choir on a musical tour of dominions 1911

Question 14

How did empire affect advertising?

Answer 14

-images used to spread awareness about empire

-frequently used imperial themes and connotations to sell their goods-suggesting British public felt favourably towards empire

Question 15

How did empire affect youth movements and education?

Answer 15

Robert Baden-Powell (hero of Boer war) sets up Boy Scout movement in 1908

Imperial message spread through books organisations, schools and young people were reminded of their mission and duty

Increased literacy rates produced markets for nooks and comics which had stories of adventures with imperial themes

Howard Handley Spicer published boys of our empire magazine set up by boys empire leafier and an annual book focusing on the colonies

Question 16

How did empire affect architecture?

Answer 16

Lutyens designed both in Britain and empire-responsible for Johannesburg art gallery from 1911 and British Pavillioj at the international exhibition in Rome in the same year

Question 17

How did empire affect festivals and exhibitions?

Answer 17

-Queen Victoria Diamond jubilee 1897 celebrated military power of Britain empire day

-souvenir books and postcards helped convey the value of empire to the general public

King George V’s coronation was celebrated with a festival at Crystal Palace in 1911

Question 18

How did empire affect the popular press?

Answer 18

-Golden age of newspaper publication technical advances in printing , the emergence of professional journalism with a political agenda

Alfred Harmsworth established daily mail 1896( sold over a million copies a day) and established daily mirror in 1903

Helped create tabloid journalism daily mail record for world circulation until his death

Question 19

When did Lord Northcliffe acquire the Sunday times?

Answer 19

1908

Question 20

When did national efficiency become a focus?

Answer 20

End of the Boer war where 30,000 Boers had held out against empire for 3 years

Question 21

Example of why national efficiency was needed

Answer 21

only 3000/11000 volunteers from Manchester were fit enoug got be accepted in military service

Question 22

Before national efficiency across the whole country what % of military volunteers had to be turned away

Answer 22

40%

Question 23

What was the measures taken for national efficiency?

Answer 23

1902 educational act: raised standards and the extend of education leading to extra 1000 secondary schools opening over the following decade

-dreadnaught battle ship developed to compete with the Germans

-free school meals
Old age pensions
School medical inspections

Question 24

What date were free school meals introduced

Answer 24

1906

Question 25

When were school medical inspections introduced

Answer 25

1907

Question 26

When we’re old age pensions introduced

Answer 26

1908