1.6 Relations With Indegenous People Flashcards
Who started the Indian rebellion?
Sepoys serving in the Bengal army
What is the traditional reason for the outbreak of the rebellion in 1857?
Cartridges in the new Enfield rifles had been greased in animal fat which offended the religious sensibilities of Muslims and Hindus
What was the religious sensibilities that would have been broken for Muslims and Hindus with the Enfield rifle?
Contact with impure cow or pork fat was religiously unacceptable
Why were the Indian landlords angry at the British?
They had been deprived of their lands by the Governor-General Dalhousie as well as long-standing social and cultural grievances relating to British rule
When do the sepoys refuse to obey orders?
February 1857-other battalions follow suit at headquarters of Bengal army in Meerut
What happened with the sepoys in Meerut, outside Delhi?
Turned on their British officers and a mob set on local Europeans,
-seized control of Lucknow and Cawnpore and there was a short lived attempt to resurrect old Mughal emperor
What did British do to put down the rebellion
Executed the sons of the Mughal emperor so the hopes of restoring the dynasty was done
Took 18 months of hard fighting to restore the Raj which was not entirely reinstalled until June 1858
What was the final battle that put down the Indian mutiny June 1858
Battle of Gwaliar
What was the impact of the Indian rebellion (3)
-government of India act
Press had relearned how savage the Indians were ignoring what Britain had done
Public indifference to india vanished after 1857
What was the impact of the mutiny on Government and Society in India?
Britain act in a more religiosity sensitive way-accepted that imposing Christian ideas would be counter productive
-‘equal opportunity’ provided more educational opportunities for wealthy Indians but did little for peasants
-star of India medals introduced with 3 classes founded by Victoria in 1862
-positions in the Indian Assembly were posts were shared amongst the Indian nobility
What was the impact of the mutiny on the extension of education?(3)
-universities established in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta
-30 years after rebellion 60,000 Indians enter universities
(only benefited richest most the country still illiterate)
What was the impact of the mutiny on Military changes?
-British Indian troop ratio 1:2
-more Gurkhas a Sikhs
-62/74 Bengali regiments disbanded
-Indians placed under British command and denied officer rankings
-rebels who surrendered before Jan 1859 would be pardoned unless they were involved in the massacres
Tea plantations number in India 1851 and 1871
1851:1
1871:295
Benefits or Raj?
-built railways(jobs)+in army and civil servil service
-offered markets for Indian agriculture produce
-provided cheap British manufactured goods
Poverty still continued and death rates from famine was still high
When were Diamonds discovered near Kimberly
1867- created a diamond rush attracting white settlers and native speaking Bantu people
