3/7/17 The periodontium I TEST #3

Question 1

What is the periodontium?

Answer 1

-Tissues that invest and support the tooth

Question 2

What are the three principal components of the periodontium?

Answer 2

• Alveolar Process
• Cementum
• Periodontal Ligament

Question 3

How does the periodontium develop?

Answer 3

-Interactions of mesenchyme, HERS, and dental follicle

Question 4

What type of joint is the tooth in?

Answer 4

-Gomphosis

Question 5

What are four types of cells used to form the periodontium?

Answer 5

• Osteoblasts
• Cementoblasts
• PDL fibroblasts
• Odontoblasts

Question 6

Where do the osteoblasts that form the periodontium arise from?

Answer 6

-Surrounding mesenchymal tissues

Question 7

Where do the cementoblasts that form the periodontium arise from?

Answer 7

-HERS/Follicle Cells: Ectomesenchymal cells

Question 8

What is the origin of HERS?

Answer 8

-Epithelial cells

Question 9

HERS influences mesenchymal cells to form what two types of cells that help form the periodontium?

Answer 9

• 1st Cementoblasts

- 2nd PDL fibroblasts

Question 10

What type of bone deposition is the alveolar process formed by?

Answer 10

-Intramembranous ossification

Question 11

When does alveolar process formation begin?

Answer 11

-8 weeks in utero

Question 12

T/F Crypts develop around tooth germs, such that they eventually form the sockets

Answer 12

True

Question 13

The alveolar process develops substantially during what event that is under the influence of the dental follicle?

Answer 13

-Tooth eruption

Question 14

T/F The alveolar process is not remodeled throughout life

Answer 14

False

It is remodeled throughout life

Question 15

In an Anodontic individual what happens with the alveolar process?

Answer 15

-Alveolar process development impaired

Question 16

What type of bone do you find in the alveolar bone proper (lines the tooth socket most directly)?

Answer 16

-Compact Bone

Question 17

What structures make up the alveolar bone proper?

Answer 17

• Cribriform plate (Anatomical term)

- Lamina dura (radiographic term)

Question 18

What type of bone do you find in the supporting alveolar bone?

Answer 18

-Compact and Trabecular bone

Question 19

What structures do you find in the supporting alveolar bone?

Answer 19

• Cortical plates (Compact bone)

- Central spongiosa (trabecular bone)

Question 20

T/F The Cribriform plate in the alveolar bone proper have Volkmann’s canals running through it

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The Lamina dura is an area of attachment for what?

Answer 21

-PDL

Question 22

The bundle bone is another name for the alveolar bone proper in a histological sense that contains what types of fibers embedded in bone?

Answer 22

-Sharpey’s fibers

Question 23

Is the inner or outer part of the alveolar bone proper remodeled more?

Answer 23

-Inner part

Question 24

Does the alveolar bone consist more of woven bone or lamellar bone?

Answer 24

-Woven bone

Question 25

What does the inner cortical plate of the supporting alveolar bone consist of?

Answer 25

-Lingual and palatal surface

Question 26

What does the outer cortical plate of the supporting alveolar bone consist of?

Answer 26

-Labial and buccal surface

Question 27

What is the alveolar crest?

Answer 27

-Junction of cortical plate and alveolar bone proper

Question 28

The alveolar crest is thinnest in the ______ and thickest in the ________ of the ______.

Answer 28

- Maxilla - Pre-molar region - Mandible

Question 29

What is the interradicular septum?

Answer 29

-Bony septum between roots of a single tooth

Question 30

What is the interalveolar septum?

Answer 30

-Bony septum between adjacent teeth

Question 31

What are the four functions of the alveolar bone?

Answer 31

- Protection and structure of the sockets for the tooth to rest in - Attachment of Sharpey's fibers of the PDL which are embedded in bone - Support of tooth rots, especially facial/lingual - Distribution of loading from the tooth and PDL to the surrounding bone

Question 32

Ectomesenchyme cells from what differentiate into fibroblasts which produce and organize collagen fibers in an oblique oreintation?

Answer 32

-Dental follicle

Question 33

T/F PDL fiber orientation changes with eruption

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What is the range of width for the PDL?

Answer 34

.15 -.38 mm

Question 35

T/F The PDL width decreases with age

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What types of collagen do you find in the PDL?

Answer 36

- Type I - Type III - Type XII

Question 37

What is the main elastic fiber of the PDL?

Answer 37

-Oxytalan

Question 38

What is Oxytalan largely associated with in the PDL?

Answer 38

-Vasculature

Question 39

Where is the concentration of nerve ending in the PDL generally the greatest at?

Answer 39

-Tooth apex except upper incisors (in coronal labial part)

Question 40

What are the four types of nerve endings in the PDL?

Answer 40

- Free nerve endings - Ruffini's Corpuscles - Coiled nerve endings - Spindle nerve endings

Question 41

What type of nerve endings are the most prevalent in the PDL?

Answer 41

-Free nerve endings

Question 42

What type of nerve endings are bulbous dendritic endings that are slow adapting mechanoreceptive fibers?

Answer 42

-Ruffini's Corpuslces

Question 43

What are the five histological groups of fibers in the PDL?

Answer 43

- Alveolar crest - Horizontal - Oblique - Apical - Interradicular

Question 44

What histological group fiber attaches just at the CEJ and runs outwards to attach into the alveolar socket rim?

Answer 44

-Alveolar crest

Question 45

What histological group fiber of the PDL runs from cementum at a right angle to the tooth into the alveolar socket?

Answer 45

-Horizontal Group

Question 46

What histological group fiber of the PDL are most numerous and run at an oblique angle from the cementum most of the way down the root?

Answer 46

-Oblique groups

Question 47

What histological group fiber of the PDL run from the root apex to the underlying bone?

Answer 47

-Apical groups

Question 48

What histological group fiber of the PDL are found only on multi-rooted teeth and they attach to the interradicular septum?

Answer 48

-Interradicular group

Question 49

T/F The gingival ligament is part of the PDL proper

Answer 49

False | -Not part of the PDL proper

Question 50

T/F The gingival ligament is intimately associated with the periodontium

Answer 50

True

Question 51

What are the five main bundles that make up the gingival ligament?

Answer 51

- Dentogingival group - Alveologingival group - Circular group - Dentoperiosteal groups - Transseptal Fibers

Question 52

What gingival ligament bundle is the most numerous and run from the cervical cementum to lamina propria of the free and attached gingiva?

Answer 52

-Dentogingival group

Question 53

What gingival ligament bundle run from cementum just under the junctional epithelium, over the alveolar crest and into the cementum of an adjacent tooth and is a significant cause of orthodontic relapse?

Answer 53

-Transseptal fibers

Question 54

What gingival ligament bundle run apically from cementum to the periosteum of the outer cortical plate?

Answer 54

-Dentoperiosteal group

Question 55

What gingival ligament bundle are circular bands around the neck of the tooth , and attaches to other fibers and the free gingiva?

Answer 55

-Circular group

Question 56

What gingival ligament bundle run from the alveolar crest to the lamina propria of free/attached gingiva?

Answer 56

-Alveologingival group