1/31/17 Embryology of the Head, Face and Oral cavity TRUMP

Question 1

What week does Central face development begin?

Answer 1

Week 4

Question 2

What is on both sides of the nasal placode that result in medial and lateral nasal processes?

Answer 2

-Ectomesenchyme

Question 3

What weeks do upper lip formation occur?

Answer 3

6-7 weeks

Question 4

What merges to form the upper lip?

Answer 4

-Median nasal processes and the maxillary processes

Question 5

What merges to form the primary palate?

Answer 5

-Medial nasal process

Question 6

What merges to form the secondary palate?

Answer 6

-Maxillary processes (makes up 90% of the hard and soft palates)

Question 7

What does congenital mean?

Answer 7

-Present at birth

Question 8

What are the palatal shelves part of?

Answer 8

-The maxillary processes

Question 9

If you have a defective fusion of the medial nasal process with the maxillary process what do you have?

Answer 9

-Cleft lip

Question 10

If you have failure of the palatal shelves to fuse what do you have?

Answer 10

-Cleft palate

Question 11

What is the most minimal manifestation of Cleft palate?

Answer 11

-Bifid uvula

Question 12

Is cleft lift most common unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 12

-Unilateral

Question 13

How do you treat cleft lip?

Answer 13

-Rule of 10 (be at least 10 weeks, 10 lbs, and 10 gram % of hemoglobin)

Question 14

How do you treat cleft palate?

Answer 14

-The infant has to about 1.5 yrs

Question 15

When someone has cleft palate do they usually have cleft lip associated with it?

Answer 15

-Yes

Question 16

When is comes to clefting that is syndromic what is the most common form of clefting?

Answer 16

-Cleft palate only

Question 17

What is found in someone with the Pierre Robin sequence?

Answer 17

• Cleft palate
• Mandibular micrognathia
• Glossoptosis

Question 18

What causes nonsyndromic clefting?

Answer 18

• Maternal alcohol or cigarette use
• Folic acid deficiency
• Corticosteroid use
• Anticonvulsant therapy

Question 19

What is the lateral facial cleft?

Answer 19

-Lack of fusion of the maxillary and mandibular processes

Question 20

What is an oblique facial cleft?

Answer 20

-Failure of fusion of the lateral nasal processes with maxillary process

Question 21

What ethnicity is most likely to get clefting?

Answer 21

Native Americans

Question 22

What is the prevalence in different populations in clefting from most common to least common?

Answer 22

• Native americans
• Asians
• Caucasians
• African American

Question 23

If you have a failure of fusion of the palatal shelves, but the mucosa was able to fuse, so you don’t see a hole what type of cleft do you have?

Answer 23

-Submucous palatal cleft

Question 24

What does a submucous palatal cleft discoloration look like?

Answer 24

-Bluish

Question 25

T/F Lip pits are associated with facial or palatal clefts

Answer 25

False

-They are not associated

Question 26

What are mucosal invaginations that occur at the corners of the mouth on the vermilion border?

Answer 26

-Lip pits

Question 27

What type of Lip pit is associated with syndrome?

Answer 27

-Paramedian

Question 28

Are commissural lip pits associated with syndromes?

Answer 28

-No

Question 29

What type of syndrome is associated with Lip pits?

Answer 29

-Van der Woude syndrome

Question 30

What is microglossia frequently associated with?

Answer 30

-Hypoplasia of the mandible (micrognathia)

Question 31

What is it called when the tongue develops an abnormality characterized by a short, thick lingual frenum resulting in limitation of tongue movement?

Answer 31

-Ankyloglossia

Question 32

What is the location on the tongue where the thyroid starts before it descends in development?

Answer 32

-Foramen cecum

Question 33

What test do you use to diagnose a lingual thyroid?

Answer 33

-Technetium-99m

Question 34

What is a stafne defect?

Answer 34

-lingual mandibular salivary gland depression (submandibular)

Question 35

If you see a radiolucency on a radiograph below the IANerve what is it called?

Answer 35

-Stafne defect