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Oral Biology 2020 > 1/19/16 Development of the Craniofacial Skeleton > Flashcards

1/19/16 Development of the Craniofacial Skeleton Flashcards

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1
Q

What is intramembranous bone ossification?

A

-Bone that is formed from a condensation of mesenchyme

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2
Q

What type of bone is formed from endochondral ossification?

A

-Long bones

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3
Q

What type of bones are formed from intramembranous bone ossification?

A
  • Most of the mandible

- Skull plates

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4
Q

What is the start of ossification, whether conversion of cartilage to bone, or condensation and ossification of mesenchyme/neural crest?

A

-Initiation

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5
Q

What two cells contribute to the mesenchyme?

A
  • mesoderm

- neural crest

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6
Q

What is the addition of more bony matrix to a pre-existing bone; thickening, elongation?

A

-Growth

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7
Q

What is displacement (primary) of bone?

A

-movement of a bone due to its own growth

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8
Q

What is displacement (secondary) of bone?

A

-movement of a bone due to the growth of other bones

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9
Q

What is remodeling of bone?

A

-Growth involving simultaneous deposition and resorption on all peri and endosteal surfaces.

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10
Q

What happens to the bone in remodeling?

A
  • change size
  • shape
  • proportion
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11
Q

What is drift in bone?

A

-Remodeling that results in movement of a bone towards the deposition surface

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12
Q

What is the functional matrix?

A

-A tissue that guides a bones growth by exerting a force upon the bone

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13
Q

Where are two places that bone growth can occur?

A
  • periosteal surfaces

- endosteal surfaces

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14
Q

T/F

Bone resorption and bone deposition rates occur equally at all times in life.

A

False

Bone resorption and deposition rates can be different and change over time

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15
Q

What are growth fields?

A

-Where matrix can be laid down or resorbed

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16
Q

What are growth sites?

A

-Fields of significance to growth of a bone

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17
Q

What are growth centers?

A

-Special growth sites, control overall growth of bone

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18
Q

What are the two parts of the neurocranium?

A
  • Calvaria

- Cranial base

19
Q

What is the calvaria?

A
  • Desmocranium

- Skull cap

20
Q

What type of bone formation is the calvaria?

A

-Intramembranous bone

21
Q

What is the origin of the Calvaria?

A
  • Paraxial mesoderm

- neural crest

22
Q

What type of bone formation is the cranial base?

A

-Endochondral bone

23
Q

What is the origin of the cranial base?

A
  • primarily neural crest

- special sense organ capsular tissues

24
Q

What is the term for facial skeleton?

A

-viscerocranium

25
Q

What is the viscerocranium derived from?

A

-pharyngeal arches

26
Q

What part of the skull grows much more postnatally than the desmocranium?

A

-Viscerocranium

27
Q

What bones are part of the calvaria (desmocranium)?

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Parts of occipital
  • Temporal
  • Sphenoid
28
Q

What is the inner layer (endomeninx) membrane that encapsulates the developing brain formed from?

A

-neural crest that gives rise to the pia mater and arachnoid mater

29
Q

What is the outer layer (ectomeninx) membrane that encapsulates the developing brain formed from?

A

-neural crest and paraxial mesoderm that gives rise to the dura mater and the Calvaria bone

30
Q

What holds the bones of the clavaria together?

A

-Sutures

31
Q

What is an un-ossified suture between 2 or more skull bones called?

A

-Fontanelles

32
Q

What is anencephaly?

A

-Failure of rostral neural tube to close

33
Q

What is craniosynostosis?

A

-Premature fusion of the cranial vault sutures

34
Q

What bones are part of the cranial base (chondrocranium)?

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • parts of occipital
  • temporal
  • sphenoid
35
Q

What in the floor of the brain forms cartilage in response to notochord and other epithelial signals?

A

-Ectomeninx

36
Q

T/F

The nasal capsule is also considered part of the cranial base (chondrocranium)

A

True

37
Q

AS the chondrocranium grows what happens to the maxilla?

A

-It pushes the maxilla and rest of the facial skeleton down and forward

38
Q

What forms from the maxillary prominence and is an intramembranous ossification of mesenchyme?

A

-Maxilla proper

39
Q

What forms from frontonasal process and forms the primary plate that fuses early with the maxilla proper that occurs from intramembranous ossification?

A

-Premaxilla

40
Q

What type of ossification does the mandible use to grow?

A

-Intramembranous ossification

41
Q

What does the bone in the mandible form lateral to?

A

-Meckel’s carilage

42
Q

What part of the mandible form via endochondral ossification?

A

-Condyle on the articular ends via condylar cartilage

43
Q

T/F

Meckel’s cartilage forms the mandible proper

A

False

-It disappears anteriorly and doesn’t become the mandible proper

44
Q

What is condylar cartilage a derivative of?

A

-Meckels cartilage

Oral Biology 2020 (21 decks)

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