2.2 Inspiration & Expiration

Question 1

What is the process of inspiration?

Answer 1

Inspiration is the process of taking air into the lungs.

Question 2

What is the primary muscle involved in inspiration?

Answer 2

The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in inspiration.

Question 3

True or False: Expiration is an active process.

Answer 3

False: Expiration is generally a passive process.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The exchange of gases occurs in the __________.

Answer 4

alveoli

Question 5

What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a single breath?

Answer 5

Tidal volume

Question 6

What drives the process of inspiration?

Answer 6

A decrease in intrathoracic pressure drives the process of inspiration.

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects expiration? A) Lung elasticity B) Airway resistance C) Oxygen saturation

Answer 7

C) Oxygen saturation

Question 8

What is the role of the intercostal muscles during inspiration?

Answer 8

The intercostal muscles help expand the rib cage and increase the volume of the thoracic cavity.

Question 9

True or False: Expiration can be forced during activities like coughing.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

Answer 10

The diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inspiration.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The __________ volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after a forced expiration.

Answer 11

residual

Question 12

What is the effect of surface tension on the alveoli during inspiration?

Answer 12

Surface tension can make it more difficult to expand the alveoli during inspiration.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which gas is primarily exchanged during respiration? A) Nitrogen B) Carbon Dioxide C) Hydrogen

Answer 13

B) Carbon Dioxide

Question 14

What is the main purpose of expiration?

Answer 14

The main purpose of expiration is to remove carbon dioxide from the body.

Question 15

True or False: The respiratory rate increases during physical activity.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?

Answer 16

Vital capacity

Question 17

Fill in the blank: During quiet expiration, the __________ muscles relax.

Answer 17

intercostal

Question 18

What is the primary role of surfactant in the lungs?

Answer 18

Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which phase of breathing is longer during normal breathing? A) Inspiration B) Expiration

Answer 19

B) Expiration

Question 20

What is the term for the total amount of air the lungs can hold?

Answer 20

Total lung capacity

Question 21

True or False: The brainstem regulates the rhythm of breathing.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What effect does increased carbon dioxide have on respiratory rate?

Answer 22

Increased carbon dioxide levels stimulate an increase in respiratory rate.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The __________ reflex helps prevent over-inflation of the lungs.

Answer 23

Hering-Breuer

Question 24

What can trigger the process of forced expiration?

Answer 24

Forced expiration can be triggered by activities like exercise or coughing.

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which of the following conditions can impair expiration? A) Asthma B) Hyperventilation C) Relaxation

Answer 25

A) Asthma

Question 26

What is the significance of the pleural cavity during inspiration?

Answer 26

The pleural cavity creates negative pressure that aids in lung expansion.