1.8 Cardiovascular malfunctions: causes, symptoms and effects Flashcards
What are the symptoms of coronary heart disease?
Angina, shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint and heart attacks.
What are the physiological causes of CHD?
Fatty substances known as plaque build up inside the walls of the coronary arteries, they harden over time, restricting the blood flow within the artery. If part of the plaque breaks off or ruptures, a blood clot can be formed within the artery.
What are the risk factors of CHD?
High cholesterol, poor diet, high blood pressure, inactivity, family history
What are the physiological causes of hypertension?
They are similar to CHD, narrowing of arteries can cause high blood pressure, meaning at every heartbeat the arteries swell and stretch more than normal. This can injure the endothelium which causes arteries to become stiffer over time. Injured endothelium’s allows fatty deposits to build up over time.
What are the symptoms of hypertension?
It does not often create any obvious symptoms, but if you do get symptoms they can be headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, shortness of breath, and chest pains.
What are the risk factors of hypertension?
High salt intake can make blood pressure higher by pulling more water into our blood, smoking as nicotine stimulates hormones release tat increases blood pressure, kidney disease as kidneys help to maintain our blood pressure, diabetes as rapid changes in glucose levels damages arteries, increasing the hardening process, age, and stress.
What are the physical effects?
May restrict exercise for prolonged periods of time, lifting things, new diets, may have pain, and need more rest.
What are the intellectual effects?
Struggle to concentrate due to symptoms, visits to hospital in term time/work time may affect you, blurred vision may mean struggling to read/learn, and medication may be a challenge.
What are the emotional effects?
Isolated, depressed, anxiety, hopeless, frightened, fearful, impacts on self-esteem, impacts on self-confidence, and cautious.
What are the social effects?
Stop doing certain activities with friends, friends/family may not understand/may think you are over-reacting, may feel isolated/alone, may isolate themselves from other people, and caution with sexual activity may impact relationships.
