2.2

Question 1

Qualitative Data

Answer 1

involves examining an issue or behaviour without preforming numerical measurements of the variables

Question 2

quantitive research

Answer 2

involves examining an issue or behaviour using numerical measurements and/or statistics

Question 3

mixed method

Answer 3

mix of qualitative and quantitive

Question 4

case study

Answer 4

in depth report about the details of a specific case - reserved for individuals who have very uncommon characteristics or have lived through a very unusual experience

Question 5

naturalistic observations

Answer 5

they unobtrusively observe and record behaviour as it occurs in the subjects natural environment (do not know they are being observed)

Question 6

self- reporting

Answer 6

a method in which responses are provided directly by the people who are being studied (interviews, phone surveys, paper and pencil tests)

Question 7

correlational research

Answer 7

measuring the degree of association between two or more variables (what is the average eduction level in Canada- what is the average income level Canada)

Question 8

magnitude

Answer 8

refers to how closely the changes in one variable are linked to changes in another variable (if variable “A” goes up one unit- will variable “B” also go up one unit?)

Question 9

0=

Answer 9

no relationship

Question 10

+10=

Answer 10

strong / positive correlation

Question 11

-10=

Answer 11

strong/ negative correlation

Question 12

third variable problem

Answer 12

the possibility that a third, unmeasured variable is responsible for a well established correlation between 2 variables

Question 13

main methods of research (2)

Answer 13

biological
descriptive

Question 14

illusory correlation

Answer 14

the relationship that exists only in their mind, rather than reality (ex: opposites attract- false statement)

Question 15

experimental research

Answer 15

improve descriptive and correlation studies because they are the only designs that can provide strong evidence for cause- and- effect relationships

Question 16

confounding variable

Answer 16

the variable outside of the researchers control that might affect or provide a alternative explanation for the results

Question 17

independent variable

Answer 17

the variable that the experimenter manipulates to distinguish between 2 or more groups (cause and effect)

Question 18

dependent variable

Answer 18

the observation or measurement that is recorded during the experiment and is subsequently compared across all groups

Question 19

between-subject design

Answer 19

a experimental design in which we compare the performance of participants who are in different groups

Question 20

the experimental group

Answer 20

the group in the experiment that receives a treatment or stimuli: targeting a specific behaviour

Question 21

the control group

Answer 21

the group that does not receive the treatment or stimuli: this group serves as a baseline to which the experimental group is compared

Question 22

within-subject designs:

Answer 22

an experimental design in which the same participants respond to all types of stimuli or experience all experimental conditions

Question 23

avas-experimental research

Answer 23

a research technique in which 2 or more groups that are compared are selected based on predetermined characateristics rather than a random assignment (comparing men and women)