20. Akut Pankreatit Flashcards

1
Q

Akut Pankreatit

A
  • ödemlidir
  • nekroz olabilir
  • gi hastlalıklar arasıonda 3. en sık gözükendir
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Akut pankreatit patolojisi nedir?

A
  • pankreasın acinar hücreleri aktive olunce içeriğindeki zymogen ve lysosomal birikimler karışır
  • cathepsin B trypsini trypsinojene çevirir
  • burada yüksek kalsiyum ihtiyacı vardır→ mg vererek ercp sonrası akut pankreatit oluşumu engellenebilir
  • bu released olan şeyler apoptosis tetikler
  • autodigestion NF-KB→ inflammation/edema → hypoperfusion → necrosis → infected necrosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Akut pankreatit patofizyolojisi

A
  • safra taşı (50%)
  • alkol
  • ercp
  • idiopathic
  • hyperlipidemia
  • hypercalcemia ( eğer ultrasonda taş yok ve alkol geçmişi yoksa hastanın bunlardan şüphelenmelidir)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Akut pankreatik etiyolojisinde kabul gören biliyer etiyoloji nedir?

A
  • taş pankreatik ductı tıkar
  • pankreatik duktal hipertansiyon gözükür
  • minor duct hasarı
  • extravasation of pankreatik content into the pancreatic interstitium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Akut pankreatit alkol etiyolojisi

A
  • recurrent episodes
  • chronic pancreatitis after more than a decade of use
  • amount of alcohol is imp (100-150 grams per day)
  • ethanol is metabolized in acinar cells
    • autodigestive injury
    • necroinflammatory process
    • cell death
    • stellate cell activation→ fibrosis occurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ercp ve herediter etimoloji

A

ercp-> künt veya penetran travma
hereditary -> PRSS1 ve SPINK1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Drugs

A
  • thiazides
  • furosemide
  • propofol
  • metrodinazole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis are

A
  • epigastric kuşak tarzı ağrı
  • decreases by leaning forward
  • spread to the back
  • nausea/vomiting
  • dehydration
  • tachycardia
  • hypotension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pateint management in acute pancreatitis

A
  • hospitalization in mild disease <1 week
    • no organ failure
    • no local or systemic complications
  • hospitilization of moderate and severe disease might take weeks to months
    • moderate
      • recovery of an organ failure within 48 hours (transient organ failure) and or
      • presence of local systemiv complications without permanent organ failure
    • severe
      • permanent organ failure for more than 48 hours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do we determine disease severity in acute pancreatitis?

A

RANSON CRITERIA
- apache score > 8
- CRP >150
- BISAP (bedside index for severity of acute pancreatitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do we asses organ failure in acute pancreatitis

A
  • SOFA criteria
    • repiration
    • coagulation→ platelets
    • liver→ bilirubin
    • kidney→ creatinine
    • CNS→ glasgow coma scale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

A
  • epigastric abdominal pain that begins suddenly and radiates to the back
  • increased serum amylase/lipase x3
    • seviyeleri disease severity göstermez
    • ilk anlardan çıkar ve 3-5 gün yüksek kalır
    • hyperamylesemia yapan diğer sebepler
      • intestinal obstrüksiyon
      • perforated duodenal ülser
      • mvo
      • salpingitis
      • macroamylesemia
  • eğer tanıda kışku varsa BT çekilir
    • ödem gözükebilir
  • cullens sign→ periumbilikal echymoses
  • gray turner’s sign→ echymosis in the flank region
  • hypoalbunemia
  • hyperglycemia
  • BUN elevated creatine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Patient management in acute pancreatitis

A
  • pain management
    • full analgesia
    • NSAIDS
    • opioid analgesics
    • NEVER MORPHINE→ spchinter of odi constriction
  • find the etiology (USG for gall stones etc)
  • BT IS THE BEST MODALITY
    • US is used in pregnant woman but it is hard to read
    • MRI is preffered in pregnant woman
    • MRI is better to sho cystic lessions
  • DO NOT ADMINISTER ROUTUNE ANTIBIOTICS WITHOUT BLOOD CULTURE
    • the reason for this is because resistant bacteria might grow
  • FLUID RESUSITATION
    • aggresive fluid therapy 5-10 ml/kg/hour in the first 24 hours
    • crystalloid is preffered
    • pay attention to the overloading signs
  • NUTITION → ORALİ KAPAMA
    • excessive feeding→ NOMI yapabilir
  • ERCP kullanımı
    • sadece eğer akut pankratit + KOLANJIT varsa endike
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Kolesistektominin akur pankreatitte yeri nedir?

A

recuurent pancreatitisi engellemek için hastanın ilk attackından sonra kolesistektomi yapılmalıdır

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diyabet

A

hastaların %40ında gelişir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly